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Boundless Lecture Slides

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  1. Boundless Lecture Slides Available on the Boundless Teaching Platform Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  2. Using Boundless Presentations Boundless Teaching Platform Boundless empowers educators to engage their students with affordable, customizable textbooks and intuitive teaching tools. The free Boundless Teaching Platform gives educators the ability to customize textbooks in more than 20 subjects that align to hundreds of popular titles. Get started by using high quality Boundless books, or make switching to our platform easier by building from Boundless content pre-organized to match the assigned textbook. This platform gives educators the tools they need to assign readings and assessments, monitor student activity, and lead their classes with pre-made teaching resources. Get started now at: • The Appendix The appendix is for you to use to add depth and breadth to your lectures. You can simply drag and drop slides from the appendix into the main presentation to make for a richer lecture experience. http://boundless.com/teaching-platform • Free to edit, share, and copy Feel free to edit, share, and make as many copies of the Boundless presentations as you like. We encourage you to take these presentations and make them your own. If you have any questions or problems please email: educators@boundless.com Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  3. About Boundless • Boundless is an innovative technology company making education more affordable and accessible for students everywhere. The company creates the world’s best open educational content in 20+ subjects that align to more than 1,000 popular college textbooks. Boundless integrates learning technology into all its premium books to help students study more efficiently at a fraction of the cost of traditional textbooks. The company also empowers educators to engage their students more effectively through customizable books and intuitive teaching tools as part of the Boundless Teaching Platform. More than 2 million learners access Boundless free and premium content each month across the company’s wide distribution platforms, including its website, iOS apps, Kindle books, and iBooks. To get started learning or teaching with Boundless, visit boundless.com. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  4. The End of the War Reconstruction: 1865–1877 The Battle Over Reconstruction The South after Reconstruction The Grant Administration ] Conclusion: The Effects of Reconstruction Reconstruction: 1865–1877 Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  5. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 > The End of the War The End of the War • The End of the War • Economic Development in the North • Devastation in the South Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/u-s-history/textbooks/boundless-u-s-history-textbook/reconstruction-1865-1877-19/the-end-of-the-war-137/

  6. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 > The Battle Over Reconstruction The Battle Over Reconstruction • Lincoln's Plan and Congress's Response • Johnson's Plan • The Reconstruction Amendments Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/u-s-history/textbooks/boundless-u-s-history-textbook/reconstruction-1865-1877-19/the-battle-over-reconstruction-139/

  7. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 > The South after Reconstruction The South after Reconstruction • The Freed Slaves • African Americans in Southern Politics • Carpetbaggers and Scalawags • Agriculture, Tenancy, and the Environment • The Radical Record Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/u-s-history/textbooks/boundless-u-s-history-textbook/reconstruction-1865-1877-19/the-south-after-reconstruction-141/

  8. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 > The Grant Administration The Grant Administration • The Grant Years • The Election of 1868 • The Government Debt • Scandals • White Terror • Reform and the Election of 1872 • Change in the Democratic Party • Panic and Redemption • Sectionalism and the New South • Disenfranchising African Americans • The Compromise of 1877 Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/u-s-history/textbooks/boundless-u-s-history-textbook/reconstruction-1865-1877-19/the-grant-administration-142/

  9. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 > Conclusion: The Effects of Reconstruction Conclusion: The Effects of Reconstruction • Conclusion: The Effects of Reconstruction Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/u-s-history/textbooks/boundless-u-s-history-textbook/reconstruction-1865-1877-19/conclusion-the-effects-of-reconstruction-1414/

  10. Appendix Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  11. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 Key terms • 10 percent planA model for reinstatement of Southern states, offered by Abraham Lincoln in December 1863, that decreed that a state could be reintegrated into the Union when 10 percent of the 1860 vote count from that state had taken an oath of allegiance to the United States and pledged to abide by emancipation. The next step in the process would be for the states to formally elect a state government. Also, a state legislature could write a new constitution, but it also had to abolish slavery forever. At that time, Lincoln would recognize the reconstructed government. • Andrew JohnsonThe seventeenth president of the United States. He became president after Lincoln's assassination and battled with the Radical Republicans in Congress over control and stringency of the Reconstruction. He was eventually impeached ostensibly for violating the Tenure of Office Act and was acquitted by one vote. • black codesThe Black Codes were laws in the United States after the Civil War that limited the civil rights and civil liberties of black people. • black codesLaws passed after the Civil War that limited the basic human rights and civil liberties of blacks. • Black FridayA scandal (also known as the "Fisk-Gould" scandal and the "Gold Panic"), occurring on September 24, 1869, that was caused by two speculators' efforts to corner the gold market on the New York Gold Exchange. It was one of several scandals that rocked the presidency of Ulysses S. Grant. • carpetbaggerA pejorative term for Northerners who moved to the South after the American Civil War, especially ones who went South to gain political influence or personal wealth. This term also can refer to someone perceived as intervening in the politics of an area without actually having a connection with the area. • carpetbaggerA pejorative term for a Northerner who moved to the South after the American Civil War, especially one who went South to gain political influence or personal wealth. This term also can refer to someone perceived as intervening in the politics of an area without actually having a connection to that area. • Charles SumnerA Radical Republican senator from Massachusetts who led efforts in Congress to provide civil rights to freedmen. • Civil Rights ActA U.S. federal law (14 Stat. 27) enacted April 9, 1866, that was mainly intended to protect the civil rights of African Americans in the wake of the American Civil War. • Compromise of 1877A purported informal, unwritten deal that settled the intensely disputed 1876 U.S. presidential election and ended Reconstruction in the South. • de factoIn practice but not necessarily ordained by law. • De jureBy law, ordained legally. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  12. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 • Fifteenth AmendmentAn amendment to the U.S. Constitution that prohibits each government in the United States from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's, "race, color, or previous condition of servitude" (for example, slavery). It was ratified on February 3, 1870. • Fifteenth AmendmentProhibits each government in the United States from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's, "race, color, or previous condition of servitude" (for example, slavery). It was ratified on February 3, 1870. • forty acres and a muleA short-lived policy of providing arable land and an army mule to black former slaves, enacted by Major General William Tecumseh Sherman. • freedmenFormer slaves who have been released from slavery, usually by legal means. • Freedmen's BureauA U.S. federal government agency that aided distressed freedmen (freed slaves) in 1865–1869, during the Reconstruction era of the United States; also known as "The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands." • Freedmen's BureauA U.S. federal government agency that aided distressed freed slaves in 1865–1869, during the Reconstruction era of the United States. • George S. BoutwellAn American statesman who served as secretary of the Treasury under President Ulysses S. Grant, the 20th Governor of Massachusetts, a senator and representative from Massachusetts, and the first commissioner of internal revenue under President Abraham Lincoln. • greenbacksPaper currency issued by the U.S. government during the Civil War by the Treasury Department. • Horace GreeleyAn American newspaper editor, a founder of the Liberal Republican Party, a reformer, a politician, and an outspoken opponent of slavery. He was soundly defeated by Ulysses S. Grant in the 1872 presidential election. • Horatio SeymourAn American politician who ran against Ulysses S Grant during the presidential election of 1868. He was the 18th governor of New York from 1853 to 1854 and from 1863 to 1864. • inflationary policyIn economics, this is a policy that leads to a rise in the general level of prices of goods and services in an economy over a period of time. When the general price level rises, each unit of currency buys fewer goods and services. Consequently, it also reflects an erosion in the purchasing power of money, or a loss of real value in the internal medium of exchange and unit of account in the economy. • Jim CrowA system, derived from state and local laws in the United States enacted between 1876 and 1965, that mandated de jure racial segregation in all public facilities in Southern states of the former Confederacy, with a "separate but equal" status for African Americans starting in 1890. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  13. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 • Jim Crow lawsState and local laws in the United States enacted between 1876 and 1965 that mandated de jure racial segregation in all public facilities in Southern states of the former Confederacy. • Jim Crow lawsState and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the Southern United States. • King CottonA slogan used by Southerners (1860–1861) to support secession from the United States by arguing that cotton exports would make an independent Confederacy economically prosperous and—more importantly—would force Great Britain and France to support the Confederacy in the Civil War because their industrial economies depended on textiles derived from cotton. • Ku Klux KlanA racist vigilante group who violently suppressed black civil rights after the end of the Civil War. • Ku Klux KlanA secretive vigilante group in the United States, founded after the end of the Civil War, which has advocated extremist reactionary currents, such as white supremacy, white nationalism, and anti-immigration, historically expressed through violent terrorism. • Liberal RepublicansA political party, organized in Cincinnati in May 1872, to oppose the reelection of President Ulysses S. Grant and his Radical Republican supporters. • livestockFarm animals; animals domesticated for cultivation. • Lost CauseA set of beliefs common in the white American South in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries that described the Confederate campaign as one launched against great odds and heroic despite its defeat. • Lyman TrumbullA U.S. Senator from Illinois during the American Civil War and coauthor of the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. • national debtAny money owed by the government of a nation. • New DepartureThe political strategy used by the Democratic Party in the United States after 1865 to distance itself from its proslavery history in an effort to broaden its political base, and to focus on issues—especially economic ones—where it had more of an advantage. • Panic of 1873A severe international economic depression in 1873 in both Europe and the United States that lasted until 1879, and even longer in some countries. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  14. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 • poll taxA tax required in order to vote. • Radical ReconstructionA congressional plan for postwar recovery that imposed harsh standards on the Southern states and supported newly freed slaves (freedmen) in their pursuit of political, economic, and social opportunities. During this era, Congress passed three constitutional amendments that protected the rights of freedmen. • Radical ReconstructionRepublican policies proposed after the election of 1866, which granted greater opportunities to freedmen and sought to punish the South for its role in the Civil War. • Radical RepublicansA loose faction of American politicians within the Republican Party from about 1854 (before the American Civil War) until the end of Reconstruction in 1877. Radicals strongly opposed slavery during the war, and after the war, distrusted ex-Confederates, demanding harsh policies for the former rebels, and emphasizing civil rights and voting rights for freedmen (recently freed slaves). • Radical RepublicansA loose faction of American politicians within the Republican Party from about 1854 (before the American Civil War) until the end of Reconstruction in 1877. Radicals strongly opposed slavery during the war and after the war distrusted ex-Confederates, demanding harsh policies for the former rebels, and emphasizing civil rights and voting rights for freedmen (recently freed slaves). • ReconstructionA period of U.S. history, from 1865 to 1877, during which the nation tried to resolve the status of the ex-Confederate states, the ex-Confederate leaders, and freedmen (ex-slaves) after the American Civil War. • ReconstructionA period of U.S. history, from 1865 to 1877, during which the nation tried to resolve the status of the ex-Confederate states, the ex-Confederate leaders, and freedmen (ex-slaves) after the American Civil War. • ReconstructionA period of U.S. history, from 1865 to 1877, during which the nation tried to resolve the status of the ex-Confederate states, the ex-Confederate leaders, and freedmen (ex-slaves) after the American Civil War. • Reconstruction AmendmentsThe Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution, adopted between 1865 and 1870, the five years immediately following the Civil War. • Reconstruction AmendmentsThe Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution, adopted between 1865 and 1870, the five years immediately following the Civil War. • redeemerA term used by white Southerners to describe a political coalition in the Southern United States during the Reconstruction era that followed the American Civil War. The Redeemers were the Southern wing of the Bourbon Democrats—the conservative, pro-business faction of the Democratic Party who sought to oust the Republican coalition of freedmen, carpetbaggers, and scalawags. • Republican PartyOne of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Democratic Party. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  15. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 • Residency RequirementThe condition placed upon members of the electorate to provide proof of residency within the defined boundaries of a constituency prior to being permitted voting privileges; often utilized as a barrier to suffrage. • Rutherford B. HayesThe 19th president of the United States (1877–1881), elected by Congress in a disputed election in exchange for withdrawing troops from the South. • Samuel J. TildenThe Democratic candidate for the U.S. presidency in the disputed election of 1876— one of the most controversial American elections of the nineteenth century—who lost to Rutherford B. Hayes. • scalawagAny white Southerner who supported the federal plan of Reconstruction after the Civil War, or who joined with the black freedmen and the carpetbaggers in support of Republican Party policies. • Second Industrial RevolutionA phase of rapid industrialization in the final third of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century in the United States. Also known as the "Technological Revolution." Many of the technological advances and systems developed during this phase in the American economy were built upon infrastructural and legal changes brought about by the Union during the Civil War. • sharecropperA person who enters an agreement with a landowner to farm the land and then pays a portion (share) of the produce as rent. Landowners provide most or all of the resources needed to farm. • sharecroppingThe act of being a tenant farmer, especially in the Southern United States, who farms the land in exchange for a portion of the crops. • Southern Historical SocietyA public organization founded by Confederate Major General Dabney H. Maury in 1868–1869 that documented Southern military and civilian viewpoints from the American Civil War until now. These were compiled into the Southern Historical Society Papers, published in the late nineteenth century, comprising 52 volumes of articles written by Southern soldiers, officers, politicians, and civilians. • speculationAn investment involving higher than normal risk in order to obtain a higher than normal return. • suffrageThe right or chance to vote, express an opinion, or participate in a decision. • tenant farmerA person who farms land rented from a landlord. The renter provides his or her own farming tools and resources. • The Fifteenth AmendmentA constitutional amendment that gave suffrage to male freedmen. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  16. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 • The Fourteenth AmendmentA constitutional amendment that provided the basis for equal protection under the law for all citizens, including newly freed slaves. • The Public Credit Act of 1869A U.S. congressional bill from 1869 that declares that bondholders who purchased bonds to help finance the Civil War would be paid back in gold. • The Thirteenth AmendmentA constitutional amendment that abolished slavery in the United States. • Ulysses S. GrantThe 18th president of the United States (1869–1877) and a leading general in the second half of the Civil War. • Ulysses S. GrantThe 18th president of the United States (1869–1877) and a leading general in the second half of the Civil War. • United Daughters of the ConfederacyA women's lineage society and heritage association dedicated to honoring the memory of those who served in the military and died in service to the Confederate States of America (CSA). The organization began as the National Association of the Daughters of the Confederacy, organized in 1894 by Caroline Meriwether Goodlett and Anna Davenport Raines. • Wade-Davis BillThis congressional bill from 1864 proposed strict requirements for Southern states' reintegration into the Union during the Reconstruction era, and was written by two Radical Republicans, Senator Benjamin Wade of Ohio and Representative Henry Winter Davis of Maryland. • Whiskey RingA U.S. scandal, exposed in 1875, involving diversion of tax revenues in a conspiracy among government agents, politicians, whiskey distillers, and distributors. • White LeagueA white paramilitary group started in 1874 that operated to run Republicans out of office and to intimidate freedmen from voting and organizing politically. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  17. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 Johnson and Lincoln restoring the Union A political cartoon of Andrew Johnson and Abraham Lincoln, 1865, entitled "The 'Rail Splitter' At Work Repairing the Union." The caption reads (Johnson): "Take it quietly Uncle Abe and I will draw it closer than ever!!" (Lincoln): "A few more stitches Andy and the good old Union will be mended!" Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Lincoln and Johnsond."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lincoln_and_Johnsond.jpgView on Boundless.com

  18. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 Cornelius Vanderbilt, 1794–1877 Vanderbilt, a transportation tycoon, contributed greatly to the industrial development of the North in the years immediately following the Civil War. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Cornelius Vanderbilt Daguerrotype2."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cornelius_Vanderbilt_Daguerrotype2.jpgView on Boundless.com

  19. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 Andrew Johnson President Andrew Johnson Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Aj17."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Aj17.gifView on Boundless.com

  20. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 The fate of the carpetbagger and scalawag A cartoon threatening that the Ku Klux Klan would lynch carpetbaggers, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, Independent Monitor, 1868 Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Kkk-carpetbagger-cartoon.jpg."Public domainhttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kkk-carpetbagger-cartoon.jpgView on Boundless.com

  21. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 Ulysses S. Grant, 18th president of the United States Official White House portrait of President Ulysses S. Grant, completed by Henry Ulke on March 2, 1875. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Ug18."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ug18.gifView on Boundless.com

  22. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 White League and Klan opposition to Reconstruction A Harper's Weekly cartoon from October 1874 depicting White League and Klan opposition to Reconstruction. It shows a black family cowering, surrounded by a burning schoolhouse and a man hanged in a tree. Above them appear the words, "Worse than Slavery." A man from the White League and the KKK shake hands as they loom over the family. Written at the top: "The Union as it was. This is a white man's government. The lost cause." Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."The_Union_as_It_Was.jpg."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_LeagueView on Boundless.com

  23. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 A memorial to Confederate soldiers The United Daughters of the Confederacy helped promulgate the "Lost Cause" ideology through the construction of numerous memorials, such as this one in Tennessee. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."UDC-marker-fort-sanders-tn1.jpg."CC BY-SA 3.0https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:UDC-marker-fort-sanders-tn1.jpgView on Boundless.com

  24. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 Grant vetoes the "Inflation Bill" President Ulysses S. Grant, standing on a platform, is congratulated boisterously by an audience for vetoing the "Inflation Bill." Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Grant Inflation Bill Veto."Public domainhttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Grant_Inflation_Bill_Veto.jpgView on Boundless.com

  25. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 Racist campaign poster A campaign poster from 1866 that depicts a white man and a black man and explains which parties and politicians support "negro suffrage" and which "platform is for the White Man." Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Racistcampaignposter1.jpg."CC BY-SA 3.0https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Racistcampaignposter1.jpgView on Boundless.com

  26. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 The "corrupt bargain" A political cartoon by Joseph Keppler depicts Roscoe Conkling as Mephistopheles, as Rutherford B. Hayes strolls off with a woman labeled as "Solid South. " Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Keppler-Conkling-Mephistopheles."Public domainhttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Keppler-Conkling-Mephistopheles.jpgView on Boundless.com

  27. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 "Running the 'Machine.'" An 1864 political cartoon—featuring William Fessenden, Edwin Stanton, William Seward, Gideon Welles, Lincoln, and others—takes a swing at Lincoln's administration. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."RunningtheMachine-LincAdmin."Public domainhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:RunningtheMachine-LincAdmin.jpgView on Boundless.com

  28. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 Broad Street, Charleston, South Carolina This 1865 photograph of Broad Street, in Charleston, South Carolina, shows the devastation of the South following the Civil War. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Broad Street Charleston South Carolina 1865."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Broad_Street_Charleston_South_Carolina_1865.jpgView on Boundless.com

  29. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 Slave children Two children who were likely emancipated during the Civil War, circa 1870. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia.Public domainhttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/SlaveChildrenUnknown.jpgView on Boundless.com

  30. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 Former slave, 1915 A former slave, from an Alabama cotton plantation. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Uncle Jim - Benjamin Ogle Tayloe slave - age 94 - 1915."Public domainhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Uncle_Jim_-_Benjamin_Ogle_Tayloe_slave_-_age_94_-_1915.jpgView on Boundless.com

  31. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 Republican nominees for the election of 1868 Ulysses S. Grant and Schuyler Colfax were Republican running mates in the 1868 presidential election. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Grant-Colfax."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Grant-Colfax.pngView on Boundless.com

  32. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 Carpetbagger This political cartoon from 1872 depicts carpetbaggers in a negative light. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Carpetbagger."Public domainhttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Carpetbagger.jpgView on Boundless.com

  33. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 Hiram Rhodes Revels U.S. Senator Hiram Rhodes Revels, the first African American in Congress. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Hiram Rhodes Revels - Brady-Handy-(restored)."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hiram_Rhodes_Revels_-_Brady-Handy-(restored).pngView on Boundless.com

  34. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 This political cartoon from 1877 depicts the Democrats' control over the South. It shows a black man holding a Democrat voting ticket and wearing a badge that reads "Peace." Posters around the man read, "The Republican Party is dead in the South," "Old line Whigs are dead," and "The South solid for the democracy." Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."1024px-The_Color_Line_Is_Broken.png."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redeemers%23/media/File:The_Color_Line_Is_Broken.pngView on Boundless.com

  35. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 The Fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution The Fourteenth Amendment, depicted here, allowed for the incorporation of the First Amendment against the states. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."14th Amendment Pg1of2 AC."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:14th_Amendment_Pg1of2_AC.jpgView on Boundless.com

  36. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 Nathan Bedford Forrest Nathan Bedford Forrest, the first Grand Wizard of the KKK. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."800px-NathanBedfordForrest.jpg."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathan_Bedford_Forrest%23Ku_Klux_Klan_MembershipView on Boundless.com

  37. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 George S. Boutwell George S. Boutwell served as secretary of the Treasury under Ulysses S. Grant. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."George Boutwell, Brady-Handy photo portrait, ca1870-1880."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:George_Boutwell,_Brady-Handy_photo_portrait,_ca1870-1880.jpgView on Boundless.com

  38. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 Sharecroppers Sharecroppers on the roadside after eviction (1936). Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Sharecroppers_evicted_1936.jpg."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharecropping%23/media/File:Sharecroppers_evicted_1936.jpgView on Boundless.com

  39. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 Charles Sumner Charles Sumner (January 6, 1811–March 11, 1874) was an American politician and senator from Massachusetts. During Reconstruction, he fought to minimize the power of the ex-Confederates and to guarantee equal rights to the freedmen. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Charles-Sumner-Tilton.jpeg."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radical_Republican%23/media/File:Charles-Sumner-Tilton.jpegView on Boundless.com

  40. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 Horace Greeley Horace Greeley was soundly defeated as the candidate of the Liberal Republican Party during the election of 1872. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Horace-Greeley-Baker."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Horace-Greeley-Baker.jpegView on Boundless.com

  41. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 Joseph Rainey U.S. Representative Joseph Rainey, the first African American to be directly elected to Congress. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."1024px-Joseph_Rainey_-_Brady-Handy.jpg."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_RaineyView on Boundless.com

  42. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 Attribution • Wikipedia."Liberal Republicans."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal%20Republicans • Wikipedia."Republican Party."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican%20Party • Wikipedia."Horace Greeley."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horace%20Greeley • Wikipedia."Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_Ulysses_S._Grant%23Election_of_1872 • Wikipedia."Disenfranchisement after the Reconstruction Era."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disenfranchisement_after_the_Reconstruction_Era • Wikipedia."Residency Requirement."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Residency%20Requirement • Wiktionary."poll tax."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/poll_tax • Wikipedia."Jim Crow."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim%20Crow • Wikipedia."King Cotton."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%20Cotton • Wikipedia."Economic History of the United States."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_history_of_the_United_States%23The_early_19th_century • Wikipedia."American Civil War."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War%23Victory_and_aftermath • Wikipedia."Impeachment of Andrew Johnson."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impeachment_of_Andrew_Johnson • Wikipedia."Lyman Trumbull."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyman%20Trumbull • Wikipedia."black codes."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/black%20codes • Wikipedia."Andrew Johnson."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew%20Johnson • Wikipedia."Reconstruction Era of the United States."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstruction_Era_of_the_United_States • Wikipedia."Reconstruction Era of the United States."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstruction_Era_of_the_United_States Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  43. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 • Wikipedia."Wade-Davis Bill."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wade-Davis%20Bill • Wikipedia."Freedman's Bureau."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedman's%20Bureau • Wikipedia."The Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Proclamation%20of%20Amnesty%20and%20Reconstruction • Wikipedia."Reconstruction Acts."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstruction_Acts • Wikipedia."Fifteenth Amendment."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifteenth%20Amendment • Wikipedia."Ulysses S. Grant."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulysses%20S.%20Grant • Wikipedia."Reconstruction Era of the United States."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstruction_Era_of_the_United_States%23Grant:_the_Radical_President • Wikipedia."Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_Ulysses_S._Grant%23Presidency_1869.E2.80.931877 • Abraham Lincoln Online."Abraham Lincoln's Last Public Speech."Public domainhttp://www.abrahamlincolnonline.org/lincoln/speeches/last.htm • Wikipedia."Reconstruction Era of the United States."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstruction_Era_of_the_United_States%23Restoring_the_South_to_the_Union • Wikipedia."Ten percent plan."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ten_percent_plan • Wikipedia."John Wilkes Booth."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Wilkes_Booth • Wikipedia."Radical Republicans."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radical%20Republicans • Wiktionary."suffrage."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/suffrage • Wiktionary."Reconstruction."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction • Wikipedia."Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution • Wikipedia."Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution • Wikipedia."Civil Rights Act."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil%20Rights%20Act • Wikipedia."Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  44. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 • Wikipedia."black codes."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/black%20codes • Wikipedia."Bourbon Democrat."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bourbon_Democrat • Wikipedia."Redeemers."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redeemers • Wikipedia."Reconstruction Era."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstruction_Era • Wiktionary."carpetbagger."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/carpetbagger • Wikipedia."New Departure (Democrats)."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Departure_(Democrats) • Wikipedia."Charles Sumner."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Sumner • Wikipedia."Radical Reconstruction."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radical_Reconstruction%23Congress_imposes_Radical_Reconstruction • Wikipedia."Reconstruction Amendments."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstruction%20Amendments • Wikipedia."Radical Republicans."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radical%20Republicans • Wikipedia."Freedmen's Bureau."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedmen's%20Bureau • Wikipedia."Electoral Commission (United States)."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electoral_Commission_(United_States) • Wikipedia."Samuel J. Tilden."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel%20J.%20Tilden • Wikipedia."Rutherford B. Hayes."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutherford%20B.%20Hayes • Wikipedia."Compromise of 1877."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compromise_of_1877 • Wikipedia."Whiskey Ring."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whiskey%20Ring • Wikipedia."Ulysses S. Grant presidential administration scandals."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant_presidential_administration_scandals • Wikipedia."Black Friday."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black%20Friday • Wikipedia."Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_Ulysses_S._Grant%23Presidential_reputation Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  45. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 • Wiktionary."speculation."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/speculation • Wikipedia."Panic of 1873."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panic%20of%201873 • Wikipedia."Ulysses S. Grant."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant%23Panic_of_1873_and_inflation_bill • Wikipedia."inflationary policy."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/inflationary%20policy • Wikipedia."Fifteenth Amendment."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifteenth%20Amendment • Wikipedia."Reconstruction Era of the United States."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstruction_Era_of_the_United_States%23African-American_officeholders • Wikipedia."Joseph Rainey."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Rainey • Wikipedia."Hiram Rhodes Revels."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiram_Rhodes_Revels • Wiktionary."Reconstruction."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction • Wikipedia."The Public Credit Act of 1869."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Public%20Credit%20Act%20of%201869 • Wikipedia."George S. Boutwell."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20S.%20Boutwell • Wikipedia."Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_Ulysses_S._Grant%23Economy_and_Treasury_reform • Wiktionary."national debt."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/national_debt • Wiktionary."greenbacks."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/greenbacks • Wikipedia."United Daughters of the Confederacy."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20Daughters%20of%20the%20Confederacy • Wikipedia."Southern Historical Society."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern%20Historical%20Society • Wikipedia."Lost Cause of the Confederacy."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lost_Cause_of_the_Confederacy%23New_South • Wikipedia."Reconstruction Era of the United States."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstruction_Era_of_the_United_States%23Material_devastation_of_the_South_in_1865 • Wiktionary."sharecropping."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sharecropping Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  46. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 • Wikipedia."freedmen."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/freedmen • Wiktionary."livestock."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/livestock • Wikipedia."Ulysses S. Grant."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulysses%20S.%20Grant • Wikipedia."Horatio Seymour."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horatio%20Seymour • Wikipedia."Radical Reconstruction."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radical%20Reconstruction • Wikipedia."United States presidential election, 1868."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1868 • Wikipedia."William Tecumseh Sherman."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Tecumseh%20Sherman • Wikipedia."Forty acres and a mule."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forty_acres_and_a_mule • Wikipedia."Disenfranchisement after the Reconstruction Era."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disenfranchisement_after_the_Reconstruction_Era • Wikipedia."Jim Crow laws."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Crow_laws • Wikipedia."Carpetbagger."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpetbagger • Wikipedia."Scalawag."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalawag • Wiktionary."scalawag."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/scalawag • Wiktionary."Reconstruction."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction • Wiktionary."carpetbagger."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/carpetbagger • Wikipedia."White League."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White%20League • Wikipedia."Ku Klux Klan."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan%23First_Klan_1865.E2.80.931874 • Wikipedia."Ku Klux Klan."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ku%20Klux%20Klan • Wikipedia."Loyal League."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loyal%20League Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  47. Reconstruction: 1865–1877 • Wikipedia."Knights of the White Camelia."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knights_of_the_White_Camelia • Wikipedia."White League."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_League • Wikipedia."Tenant farmer."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenant_farmer • Wikipedia."Rural tenancy."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rural_tenancy • Wikipedia."History of the Southern United States."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Southern_United_States%23Rural_South • Wiktionary."farming."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/farming • Wikipedia."Sharecroppers."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharecroppers%23United_States • Wiktionary."sharecropper."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sharecropper • Wikipedia."Reconstruction Era."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstruction_Era%23The_.22failure.22_issue Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

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