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Exploring Power-Saving Schemes in Router Architectures

Investigating energy-saving methods in router hardware design through strategies like Sleepy Banks and Tuple Cache to reduce power consumption with minimal performance impact. The study delves into TCAM configurations, metrics, and experimental results.

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Exploring Power-Saving Schemes in Router Architectures

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  1. ClickCAM Using Click for Exploring Power Saving Schemes in Router Architectures Jonathan Ellithorpe, Laura Keys CS 252, Spring 2009

  2. Motivation • Energy Concerns • $$ • environmental • Networking Impact • operation costs • hardware layout • Where TCAM / SRAM fit in

  3. Router – Hardware Model Power Hungry!

  4. TCAMs (Ternary Content Addressable Memory)‏ • Pros/Cons • Uses • Four stages • precharge • select lines • match lines • priority encoder

  5. TCAM Configurations • Pros / cons of smaller TCAMs • Alternate Configurations • Attempts to decrease power consumption • sub-tables • paging schemes + entry compression • splitting TCAM into banks

  6. Our Approach • Reduce power consumption with small performance degradation • Metrics • Throughput (as a percentage of packets presented) • Average Power • Success attained by decreasing power by 2x the reduction in performance

  7. Power-saving Schemes: Sleepy Banks • If few number of unique entries accessed in a TCAM bank, turn off lesser used banks to save on static and leakage power • Pros • if traffic comes in bursts with large lapses, save on power • Cons • if traffic constantly hits in all banks, we either don't put any to sleep or else we frequently access DRAM

  8. Sleepy Banks

  9. Power-saving Schemes: Tuple Cache • Use a smaller TCAM as a cache for low-power SDRAM • Pros • small TCAM is lower power and faster than larger one • if we have small set of frequently accessed destinations, we could potentially save a lot of power • Cons • potential to pull from DRAM frequently if unique destination set is not small enough

  10. Tuple Cache

  11. Experiments • Click • timing notion • UCSB's TCAM power model • randomly generated workload • represent different types of traffic

  12. Flow-Based Workload Generator

  13. Simulation Methodology

  14. Results

  15. Conclusions • Hard to do power modeling in network hardware. • Proprietary black boxes • Tradeoff between power and performance is tricky! End zone hard to reach. • Banking can help, but more banks => more waking and sleeping • Workload also hard to estimate and has big impact on the power and performance tradeoff

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