Special Investigative Topics (#3232)

1. Special Investigative Topics (#3232) Revised: August 2013 George D. Little Deputy Chief INTEL, Homeland Security & TRAINING BCCO PCT #4 PowerPoint

2. ADMINISTRATIVE • Please complete a Bexar County Constable’s Office PCT#4 Participant course registration form. • ensure you print your name, sign and include your DOB and PID# on the TCLEOSE Report of Training Form. • Listen, take notes and ask questions.

3. Special Investigation Topics • Child Abuse & Neglect • Family Violence • Sexual Assault • Sex Offender Characteristics

4. Child Abuse & Neglect Unit One • Functional Area: To provide the officer an understanding of Child Abuse & Neglect and those key changes within the different Texas Codes that may impact on your performance in the critical areas of child abuse and neglect

5. Child Abuse & NeglectLearning Objectives • Learning Objective 1.1: The student will be able to define Child Abuse & Neglect in accordance with Chapter 261 of the Texas Family Code. • Learning Objective 1.2: The student will be able to list national and state statistics surrounding Child Abuse & Neglect. • Learning Objective 1.3: The student will be able to list and describe theories about the causes of child abuse and neglect. • Learning Objective 1.4: The student will be able to list methods of reporting and documenting child abuse/neglect by photographs.

6. Child Abuse & NeglectLearning Objectives • Learning Objective 1.5: The student will be able to describe when a joint investigation with Child Protective Services is required and identity requirements for protocols between law enforcement and Child Protective Services. • Learning Objective 1.6: The student will be able to describe legislative updates passed during the 80th Legislative Session that are relevant to Child Abuse & Neglect.

7. Child Abuse & Neglect • Learning Objective 1.1: The student will be able to define Child Abuse & Neglect in accordance with Chapter 261 of the Texas Family Code. (Review) • Child Abuse:

8. Child Abuse: • Mental or emotional injury to a child • Causing or permitting the child to be in a situation in which the child sustains mental or emotional injury

9. Child Abuse: (continued) • Physical injury that results in substantial harm or the genuine threat from physical injury

10. Child Abuse: (continued) • Failure to make reasonable effort to prevent an action by another that results in physical injury

11. Child Abuse: (continued) • Failure to make a reasonable effort to prevent sexual conduct harmful to a child

12. Child Abuse: (continued) • Causing, permitting, encouraging, engaging in or allowing photographing, filming or depicting of a child in a obscene manner

13. Child Abuse: (continued) • Use of a controlled substance in a manner or extent that the use results in physical, mental or emotional injury to a child • Causing, expressly permitting or encouraging a child to use a controlled substance

14. Child Abuse & Neglect • Leaving of a child in a situation where the child would be exposed to a substantial risk of physical or mental harm

15. Placing a child in or failing to remove a child from a situation that a reasonable person would realize requires judgment or action beyond the child’s level of maturity, physical condition or mental abilities, which results in bodily injury or substantial risk of immediate harm

16. Child Abuse & Neglect • Child Neglect: (continuation) • Failing to provide a child with food, clothing, or shelter necessary to sustain the life or health of a child, excluding failure caused by financial inability

17. Child Neglect: (continuation) • Placing a child in or failing to remove the child from a situation in which the child would be exposed to a substantial risk of sexual conduct

18. Child Neglect: (continuation) • Placing a child in or failing to remove the child from a situation in which the child would be exposed to acts of omissions that constitute abuse

19. Child Neglect: (continued) • Failure by the person responsible for a child’s care, custody or welfare to permit the child to return to the child’s home without arranging for the necessary care for the child after the child has been absent from the home for any reason

20. Child Neglect: (continued) • Born addicted to alcohol or a controlled substance

21. Child Abuse & Neglect • Learning Objective 1.2: The student will be able to list national and state statistics surrounding Child Abuse & Neglect. • National Statistics: • April is National Child Abuse Prevention month

22. Learning Objective 1.2: (Cont’d) • In FY 2005, an estimated 899,000 children in the 50 States were abused

23. Learning Objective 1.2: (Cont’d) • It is reported that more than 2,000 children in the U.S. die of child abuse and neglect each year, and the actual number of abuse and neglect deaths is estimated to be much higher than that reported by vital statistics data

24. National Statistics : (Continued) The National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System (NCANDS) reported an estimated 1,490 child fatalities in 2004

25. National Statistics : (Continued) • National statistics show that children under six years of age account for 86% of all maltreatmentdeathsand infants account for 43% of these deaths

26. National Statistics : (Continued)Child Abuse & Neglect • Homicide is the second leading cause of death among all 15 – 24 year olds in the U.S • Homicide is the third leading cause of death among all 5 – 14 year olds in the U.S

27. Fathers and mothers’ & boyfriends are most often the perpetrators in child abuse deaths Mothers are more often at fault in the neglect fatalities National Statistics : (Continued) Child Abuse & Neglect

28. National Statistics : (Continued) Child Abuse & Neglect • Fatal abuse is interrelated with poverty, domestic violence and substance abuse • Deaths attributed to neglect are rising. In 2004, over 1/3 of child maltreatment fatalities were associates with neglect alone

29. Child Abuse & Neglect Incident • Cleveland, OH (Oct 2007) - Authorities charged Amber Hill with two counts of aggravated murder after the father of her two young daughters found the girls "lifeless" in a bathtub of water.

30. Child Abuse & Neglect Incident • Three-year-old Madeleine McCann was abducted from her family's apartment while on holiday in Praia da Luz, Portugal on May 3, 2007 (she has since turned four). • Kate McCann, mother, was formally charged as a suspect on September 7th. • Gerry McCann has yet to be charged.

31. Child Abuse & NeglectKelsey Smith-Briggs Child Protect Reform Act - Oklahoma

32. Kelsey Shelton Briggs • The cause of death was blunt force trauma to the abdomen. • Stepfather was arrested on first degree murder. • Her mother was later charged with two felonies of Child Neglect and Enabling Child Abuse.

33. In April 2006 Kelsey's body was exhumed for a second autopsy where sexual abuse was documented. The stepfather's charges were amended to add the sexual abuse. 

34. On February 2, 2007 a plea was entered. The stepfather plead guilty to a reduced charge of Enabling Child Abuse and received 30 years in prison. He has no possibility of parole for 25.5 years. 

35. Child Abuse & NeglectState Statistics In FY 2006, there were approximately 275,539 alleged victims of child abuse and/or neglect, in which 97,995 were confirmed investigations. 17,537 of these children were remove from their environment

36. State Statistics – Cont’d: • In 2006, there were 227 deaths of children due to child abuse and neglect

39. Child Abuse & Neglect Incident Houston, Texas (2001) - 36-year-old mother, Andrea Yates was charged with capital murder Wednesday in the deaths of her five children police said they believe were drowned in a bathtub of their home.

40. Child Abuse & Neglect Incident Haltom, Texas -Sep 2007 Sisters, from left to right, Alexandria, Adamiria and Ariania Green were doused with gasoline and burned Saturday. Ariania, the youngest, died three days after she was taken of life support. Their mother, Alysha Green 29, coaxing her children into a closet and burning them, had been diagnosed with bipolar disorder but stopped taking her medication.

41. Child Abuse & NeglectCauses • Learning Objective 1.3: The student will be able to list and describe theories about the cause of child abuse and neglect.

42. Psychoanalytic • Environmental • Cognitive Development Abuse is more likely a combination of all of the above explanations

43. Child Abuse & NeglectCauses - Psychoanalytic Abusive behavior of the parent is determined by subconscious drives and conflicts

44. Psychoanalytic: As a child, the abuser may have suffered • rejection and • lack of nurturing; • the parent passes on the same treatment by failing to nurture their own children, • setting unrealistic expectations for children, and

45. even role reversal where the abusive parent seeks care and nurturing from the child to fulfill the parent’s unmet needs

46. Child Abuse & NeglectCauses - Environmental State child welfare records indicate that substance abuse is one of the top two problems exhibited by families in 81% of the reported cases • Social and environmental problems and crisis cause stress and frustration in the abuser

47. Socialization of abuser determines the response to stress (the abusers learn behavior on how to handle stress)

48. Child Abuse & NeglectCauses - Cognitive Development • There is a lack of understanding of appropriate parent/child roles as the abuser has self-centered attitudes

49. Cognitive Development: • Abuse occurs from the lack of information and skills as a result of the low level of emotional and intellectual development of the abuser

50. Mothers Who Kill Lisa DIAZ Briana DIAZ Kamryn DIAZ