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Collision Theory This theory states that reactions will occur only if atoms/ molecules within the two (or more) substances “collide”. In other words, touch each other! Therefore, if you want to speed up a rxn, you need to collide particles faster. If you want a reaction to go slower, then you need to keep the molecules from colliding as fast.
Heat Increasing the heat energy will make the molecules move faster = faster collisions
Shaking/ Stirring • Adding mechanical energy to the reaction can also increase the speed of the molecules = faster collisions!
Increasing Surface Area • More surface area = more space for collisions
Change the Concentration • A ratio of the amount of one substance verses the other substance(s). Increase the concentration of one = more possible collisions. Lower Concentration Higher Concentration
Catalyst • Involves using a separate substance added to the reaction to speed it up. Hydrogen Fuel Cell