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Comparative Biology of Sex & Longevity

Delve into the intriguing world of sex-specific biology and longevity. Discover the disparities in lifespan between males and females across various species and unlock the secrets of aging processes. Investigate the Y chromosome's diverse genes and their impact on longevity. Explore hypotheses such as the Heterogametic Sex Hypothesis and Parental Care Hypothesis. Unravel the complexities of sex differences in biology and aging with expert insights from Steven Austad.

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Comparative Biology of Sex & Longevity

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  1. Comparative Biology of Sex & Longevity Steven N. Austad, PhD University of Alabama at Birmingham

  2. News flash! Women live longer than men Human mortality database Steven Austad, "Sex and Gender Differences in Aging" June 6-7, 2019

  3. Gorilla and gibbon females live longer than males too Steven Austad, "Sex and Gender Differences in Aging" June 6-7, 2019 Allman, et al. (1998) PNAS

  4. Male Life Expectancy: 12 years Female Life Expectancy: 23 years Some female longevity bias is extreme (Short-finned pilot whale) Steven Austad, "Sex and Gender Differences in Aging" June 6-7, 2019 Kasuya & Marsh, 1984

  5. There are extreme male longevity biases too(Brandt’s bat) 1544 bats of both sexes banded (1960 – 1964) Steven Austad, "Sex and Gender Differences in Aging" June 6-7, 2019 Podlutsky, et al. (2005) J. Gerontol.

  6. And some species are highly variable(Laboratory mouse) C57BL/6 Austad (2011) Steven Austad, "Sex and Gender Differences in Aging" June 6-7, 2019

  7. Why investigate sex differences in the biology of longevity?? • To discover hitherto unknown features of sex-specific biology • To refine our knowledge about the biological aging processes generally Steven Austad, "Sex and Gender Differences in Aging" June 6-7, 2019

  8. General questions about sex differences:Why? How? WHY?? • Heterogametic sex hypothesis • Parental Care Hypothesis • Sexual selection hypothesis • Extrinsic hazards hypothesis Steven Austad, "Sex and Gender Differences in Aging" June 6-7, 2019

  9. General questions about sex differences How?? • X-inactivation • Y-chromosome gene activity • Investigate them in a range of species Steven Austad, "Sex and Gender Differences in Aging" June 6-7, 2019

  10. Y chromosomes have different genes in different species Cortez, et al. (2014) Nature Steven Austad, "Sex and Gender Differences in Aging" June 6-7, 2019

  11. (Human) Y chromosome • 568 genes • 71 with “protein coding potential” • 27 unique protein coding genes • 109 lnc or snc RNA’s • 388 pseudogenes Steven Austad, "Sex and Gender Differences in Aging" June 6-7, 2019 Maan, et al. Europ. J. Hum. Genetics (2017)

  12. Where are y-chromosome genes expressed? Steven Austad, "Sex and Gender Differences in Aging" June 6-7, 2019 Maan, et al. Europ. J. Hum. Genetics (2017)

  13. Thanks. QUESTIONS??? Steven Austad, "Sex and Gender Differences in Aging" June 6-7, 2019

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