Boundless Teaching Platform: Empowering Educators for Affordable Education

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2. Using Boundless Presentations Boundless Teaching Platform Boundless empowers educators to engage their students with affordable, customizable textbooks and intuitive teaching tools. The free Boundless Teaching Platform gives educators the ability to customize textbooks in more than 20 subjects that align to hundreds of popular titles. Get started by using high quality Boundless books, or make switching to our platform easier by building from Boundless content pre-organized to match the assigned textbook. This platform gives educators the tools they need to assign readings and assessments, monitor student activity, and lead their classes with pre-made teaching resources. Get started now at: • The Appendix The appendix is for you to use to add depth and breadth to your lectures. You can simply drag and drop slides from the appendix into the main presentation to make for a richer lecture experience. http://boundless.com/teaching-platform • Free to edit, share, and copy Feel free to edit, share, and make as many copies of the Boundless presentations as you like. We encourage you to take these presentations and make them your own. If you have any questions or problems please email: educators@boundless.com Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

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4. Social Change and Collective Behavior Social Change Sources of Social Change Social Movements ] Social Change Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

5. Social Change > Social Change and Collective Behavior Social Change and Collective Behavior • Social Change Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/sociology/textbooks/boundless-sociology-textbook/social-change-21/social-change-and-collective-behavior-138/

6. Social Change > Sources of Social Change Sources of Social Change • Sources of Social Change • External Sources of Social Change • The Four Social Revolutions • Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft • Capitalism, Modernization, and Industrialization • Cultural Evolution • Natural Cycles • Ogburn's Theory Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/sociology/textbooks/boundless-sociology-textbook/social-change-21/sources-of-social-change-139/

7. Social Change > Social Movements Social Movements • Social Movements • Types of Social Movements • Propaganda and the Mass Media • The Stages of Social Movements • Relative Deprivation Approach • Resource Mobilization Approach • Gender and Social Movements • New Social Movements Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/sociology/textbooks/boundless-sociology-textbook/social-change-21/social-movements-140/

8. Appendix Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

9. Social Change Key terms • agriculturethe art or science of cultivating the ground, including the harvesting of crops, and the rearing and management of livestock; tillage; husbandry; farming • alienationEmotional isolation or dissociation. • anomieAlienation or social instability caused by erosion of standards and values. • Charles Tilly(1929 – 2008) An American sociologist, political scientist and historian who wrote about the relationship between politics and society. • Collective behaviorThe expression collective behavior was first used by Robert E. Park, and employed definitively by Herbert Blumer, to refer to social processes and events which do not reflect existing social structure (laws, conventions, and institutions), but which emerge in a "spontaneous" way. • communityA group sharing a common understanding and often the same language, manners, tradition and law. See civilization. • cooptationA co-opting, or a commandeering, appropriation. • counter movementsCounter-hegemony refers to attempts to critique or dismantle hegemonic power. In other words, it is a confrontation and/or opposition to the existing status quo and the legitimacy of that status quo in politics. This can also be observed in various other spheres of life, such as history, media, music, etc. • cultural lagThe term cultural lag refers to the notion that culture takes time to catch up with technological innovations, and that social problems and conflicts are caused by this lag. • cultural relativismCultural relativism is a principle that was established as axiomatic in anthropological research by Franz Boas in the first few decades of the twentieth century, and later popularized by his students. Boas first articulated the idea in 1887: "...civilization is not something absolute, but ... is relative, and ... our ideas and conceptions are true only so far as our civilization goes. " • cultural theoryCultural theory underscores the importance of culture and addresses the free-rider problem. This theory also emphasizes the critical role of injustice in movement formation, stating that successful movements have to create injustice frames to mobilize people. • deprivationThe act of depriving, dispossessing, or bereaving; the act of deposing or divesting of some dignity. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

10. Social Change • evolutiongradual directional change, especially one leading to a more advanced or complex form; growth; development • feminisma social theory or political movement arguing that legal and social restrictions on females must be removed in order to bring about equality of both sexes in all aspects of public and private life • First Wave FeminismFirst-wave feminism refers to a period of feminist activity during the 19th and early twentieth century in the United Kingdom, Canada, the Netherlands and the United States. It focused on de jure (officially mandated) inequalities, primarily on gaining women's suffrage (the right to vote). • free riderThe free-rider problem refers to the idea that people will not be motivated to participate in a social movement that will use up their personal resources like time or money if they can still receive the benefits without participating. • grievanceA complaint or annoyance; also a formal complaint. • hard determinismHard determinism is the idea that technology governs social structures and activities. • human rightsThe basic rights and freedoms that all humans should be guaranteed, such as the right to life and liberty, freedom of thought and expression, and equality before the law. • Hunter-gatherera member of a group of people who live by hunting animals and gathering edible plants for their main food sources, and who do not domesticate animals or farm crops • ideal typeAn ideal type is not a particular person or thing that exists in the world, but an extreme form of a concept used by sociologists in theories. For example, although there is not a perfectly "modern" society, the term "modern" is used as an ideal type in certain theories to make large-scale points. • injustice frameAn injustice frame is a collection of ideas and symbols that illustrate both how significant the problem the movement is concerned with is as well as what the movement can do to alleviate it. • Malthusian catastropheA Malthusian catastrophe (also known as Malthusian check) was originally foreseen to be a forced return to subsistence-level conditions once population growth had outpaced agricultural production. • materialisticBeing overly concerned with material possessions and wealth. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

11. Social Change • new middle classThe American middle class, at least those living the lifestyle, has become known around the world for conspicuous consumption. To this day, the professional middle class in the United States holds the world record for having the largest homes, most appliances, and most automobiles. • normal typeA normal type is a purely conceptual tool that makes use of logic and deduction, as opposed to Max Weber's ideal type, which is a framework used to understand reality that draws on elements from history and society. • opportunity structuresExogenous factors which limit or empower collective actors (social movements). • pluralismA social system based on mutual respect for each other's cultures among various groups that make up a society, wherein subordinate groups do not have to forsake their lifestyle and traditions but, rather, can express their culture and participate in the larger society free of prejudice. • political-demographic cyclesOne of the most important recent findings in the study of the long-term dynamic social processes was the discovery of the political-demographic cycles as a basic feature of the dynamics of complex agrarian systems. • PolybiusPolybius was a Greek historian of the Hellenistic Period noted for his work, The Histories, which covered the period of 220–146 BC in detail. The work describes in part the rise of the Roman Republic and its gradual domination over Greece. • propagandaPropaganda is a form of biased communication, aimed at promoting or demoting certain views, perceptions or agendas. • redemptive social movementsA redemptive social movement is radical in scope but focused on the individual. • reformative social movementsA reformative social movement advocates for minor changes instead of radical changes. For example revolutionary movements can scale down their demands and agree to share powers with others, becoming a political party. • relativeConnected to or depending on something else; not absolute; comparative. • resourceSomething that one uses to achieve an objective, e.g. raw materials or personnel. • resource-mobilization theoryResource-mobilization theory places resources at the center of the emergence and success of social movements. In this case, resources include knowledge, money, media, labor, solidarity, legitimacy, and internal and external support from a powerful elite. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

12. Social Change • revolutionary social movementsRevolutionary movement is a specific type of social movement dedicated to carrying out revolutionary reforms and gain some control of the state. If they do not aim for an exclusive control, they are not revolutionary. • riotWanton or unrestrained behavior; uproar; tumult. • Second-Wave FeminismSecond-wave feminism is a period of feminist activity. In the United States it began during the early 1960s and lasted through the late 1990s. It was a worldwide movement that was strong in Europe and parts of Asia, such as Turkey and Israel, where it began in the 1980s, and it began at other times in other countries. • Sidney Tarrow(1938-present) a professor of political science and sociology, known for his research in the areas of comparative politics, social movements, political parties, collective actions and political sociology. • social changean alteration in the structures, institutions and/or practices of a society • social movement organizationsA social movement organization is an organized component of a social movement. Social movement organizations usually have coordinating roles in social movements, but do not actually employ or direct most of the participants, who are part of a wider social movement community. • social movementsSocial movements are a type of group action. They are large informal groupings of individuals or organizations that focus on specific political or social issues. In other words, they carry out, resist or undo a social change. • soft determinismSoft determinism posits that, although technology drives progress, people still may have the chance to make decisions regarding social outcomes. • species beingKarl Marx understood species being to be the original or intrinsic essence of the species, which is characterized by pluralism and dynamism: all beings possess the tendency and desire to engage in multiple activities to promote their mutual survival, comfort and sense of inter-action. A simplified understanding of species being is that it is a form of self-realization or self-actualization resulting from fulfilling or meaningful work. • subsistencethat which furnishes support to animal life; means of support; provisions, or that which produces provisions; livelihood • symbolAny object, typically material, which is meant to represent another (usually abstract), even if there is no meaningful relationship. • third-wave feminismThird-wave feminism is a term identified with several diverse strains of feminist activity and study, whose exact boundaries in the historiography of feminism are a subject of debate, but are often marked as beginning in the 1980s and continuing to the present. The movement arose as a response to the perceived failures of and backlash against initiatives and movements created by Second-Wave feminism during the 1960s to 1980s, and the realization that women are of "many colors, ethnicities, nationalities, religions and cultural backgrounds. " Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

13. Social Change Cars as luxury In 1905 cars were a luxury, hence an individual unable to afford one would not feel or be viewed as deprived. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com The Journeyler."Mini Cooper White with Black Stripes | The Journeyler."CC BYhttp://hugh.thejourneyler.org/2011/cars/minicooper-whitewithblack/View on Boundless.com

14. Social Change The stages of societal development The relationship between the stages of societal development (top row) and its implications (bottom row) are complex and interdependent. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikibooks."Introduction to Sociology/Society."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Sociology/Society%23The_Implications_of_Societal_DevelopmentView on Boundless.com

15. Social Change Employment in the US according to industry, 2007 Less than 2% of the US population is employed in agriculture. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikibooks."Introduction to Sociology/Society."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Sociology/Society%23Agriculture_TodayView on Boundless.com

16. Social Change Stages of Social Movements The different stages of social movements, as adapted from Blumer (1969), Mauss (1975) and Tilly (1978) Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Stages of social movements."CC BY-SAhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Stages_of_social_movements.svgView on Boundless.com

17. Social Change Expansion of Communications and Information Technology Ogburn posited four stages of technical development: invention, accumulation, diffusion, and adjustment. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Communications technology."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communications_technologyView on Boundless.com

18. Social Change The Developing Idea of Culture Chinese Opera is a culture tradition quite distinct from European Opera. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Taipei Eye cropped p1090701."CC BYhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Taipei_Eye_cropped_p1090701.jpgView on Boundless.com

19. Social Change Types of Social Movements The four types of social movements, as described by cultural anthropologist David Aberle Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Types of social movements."CC BY-SAhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Types_of_social_movements.svgView on Boundless.com

20. Social Change Stages of Social Movements This graph depicts the various stages a social movement can undergo in the course of its development. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikibooks."Introduction to Sociology/Social Movements."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Sociology/Social_Movements%23Stages_in_Social_MovementsView on Boundless.com

21. Social Change International Women's Day Rally International Women's Day rally in Dhaka, Bangladesh, organized by the National Women Workers Trade Union Centre on 8 March 2005. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."8marchrallydhaka (55)."CC BYhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:8marchrallydhaka_(55).JPGView on Boundless.com

22. Social Change Political Process Theory One of the advantages of the political process theory is that it addresses the issue of timing or emergence of social movements. Photo taken at the 2005 U.S. Presidential inauguration protest. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."J20 democracy dc."CC BYhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:J20_democracy_dc.jpgView on Boundless.com

23. Social Change Aberle's Four Types of Social Movements Resource-Mobilization Theory emphasizes the importance of resources in social movement development and success. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikibooks."Introduction to Sociology/Social Movements."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Sociology/Social_Movements%23Types_of_Social_MovementsView on Boundless.com

24. Social Change Aberle's Four Types of Social Movements The term new social movements (NSMs) is a theory of social movements that attempts to explain the plethora of new movements that have come up in various western societies roughly since the mid-1960s (i.e. in a post-industrial economy), which are claimed to depart significantly from the conventional social movement paradigm. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikibooks."Introduction to Sociology/Social Movements."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Sociology/Social_Movements%23Types_of_Social_MovementsView on Boundless.com

25. Social Change Aberle's Four Types of Social Movements Based on who a movement is trying to change and how much change a movement is advocating, Aberle identified four types of social movements: redemptive, reformative, revolutionary and alternative. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikibooks."Introduction to Sociology/Social Movements."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Sociology/Social_Movements%23Types_of_Social_MovementsView on Boundless.com

26. Social Change Propaganda An example of Anti-Japanese propaganda, depicting a racist caricature of a Japanese soldier saying "go ahead, please—TAKE DAY OFF!" Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia Commons."Propaganda.gif."CC BY 3.0https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AntiJapanesePropagandaTakeDayOff.gifView on Boundless.com

27. Social Change Figure 3. C. Wright Mills' Power Elite Model Mills believed that wealth is concentrated in the hands of a few in society, who in turn are able to exercise power over others. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Utah Valley University."Chapter 16 - Media."CC BYhttp://freebooks.uvu.edu/SOC1010/index.php/ch16-media.htmlView on Boundless.com

28. Social Change Figure 1. Numbers in Millions of Plastic Surgery Procedures between 1997-2007* Illustration of perpetual discontent. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Utah Valley University."Chapter 16 - Media."CC BYhttp://freebooks.uvu.edu/SOC1010/index.php/ch16-media.htmlView on Boundless.com

29. Social Change Attribution • Wiktionary."resource."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/resource • Wikipedia."opportunity structures."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/opportunity%20structures • Wiktionary."grievance."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/grievance • Wikibooks."Introduction to Sociology/Social Movements."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Sociology/Social_Movements%23Resource-Mobilization_Theory • Wiktionary."relative."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/relative • Wiktionary."deprivation."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/deprivation • Wikipedia."Relative deprivation."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative_deprivation • Wikibooks."Introduction to Sociology/Social Movements."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Sociology/Social_Movements%23Deprivation_Theory • Boundless Learning."Boundless."CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com//sociology/definition/social-change • Wikipedia."social movements."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/social%20movements • Wikipedia."social movement organizations."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/social%20movement%20organizations • Wikipedia."counter movements."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/counter%20movements • Wikibooks."Introduction to Sociology/Social Movements."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Sociology/Social_Movements%23Introduction • Wiktionary."human rights."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/human_rights • Wikipedia."new middle class."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/new%20middle%20class • Wiktionary."materialistic."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/materialistic • Wikipedia."New social movements."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_social_movements Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

30. Social Change • Wiktionary."evolution."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/evolution • Wiktionary."symbol."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/symbol • Wikipedia."cultural relativism."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cultural%20relativism • Wikibooks."Introduction to Sociology/Culture."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Sociology/Culture%23The_Changing_Concept_of_Culture • Wiktionary."subsistence."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/subsistence • Boundless Learning."Boundless."CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com//sociology/definition/hunter-gatherer--2 • Wiktionary."agriculture."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/agriculture • Wikibooks."Introduction to Sociology/Society."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Sociology/Society%23Societal_Development • Wikipedia."redemptive social movements."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/redemptive%20social%20movements • Wikipedia."reformative social movements."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/reformative%20social%20movements • Wikipedia."revolutionary social movements."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/revolutionary%20social%20movements • Wikibooks."Introduction to Sociology/Social Movements."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Sociology/Social_Movements%23Types_of_Social_Movements • Wikipedia."Social movement."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_movement%23Types_of_social_movement • Boundless Learning."Boundless."CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com//sociology/definition/resource-mobilization-theory • Wiktionary."pluralism."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pluralism • Wikipedia."Social change."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_change • Wikibooks."Introduction to Sociology/Social Movements."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Sociology/Social_Movements%23Political_Process_Theory • Boundless Learning."Boundless."CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com//sociology/definition/hard-determinism • Boundless Learning."Boundless."CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com//sociology/definition/soft-determinism Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

31. Social Change • Wikipedia."cultural lag."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cultural%20lag • Wikipedia."Technological determinism."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_determinism%23Hard_and_soft_determinism • Wikipedia."Technological determinism."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_determinism • Wikipedia."William Fielding Ogburn."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Fielding_Ogburn • Wikipedia."Cultural lag."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_lag • Wikipedia."Charles Tilly."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20Tilly • Wikipedia."Sidney Tarrow."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney%20Tarrow • Wiktionary."cooptation."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cooptation • Wikibooks."Introduction to Sociology/Social Movements."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Sociology/Social_Movements%23Stages_in_Social_Movements • Wikipedia."Social movement."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_movement • Wikipedia."species being."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/species%20being • Wiktionary."alienation."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/alienation • Wiktionary."anomie."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/anomie • Wikibooks."Introduction to Sociology/Society."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Sociology/Society%23Classical_Views_on_Social_Change • Wikipedia."Marx's theory of alienation."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marx's_theory_of_alienation • Wikipedia."Max Weber."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Weber%23Rationalisation • Wikipedia."Mechanical and organic solidarity."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_and_organic_solidarity • Wiktionary."community."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/community • Boundless Learning."Boundless."CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com//sociology/definition/normal-type Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

32. Social Change • Wikipedia."ideal type."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ideal%20type • Wikipedia."Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinschaft_and_Gesellschaft • Wiktionary."feminism."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/feminism • Wikipedia."First Wave Feminism."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First%20Wave%20Feminism • Wikipedia."Second-Wave Feminism."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second-Wave%20Feminism • Wikipedia."third-wave feminism."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/third-wave%20feminism • Wikipedia."Feminist movement."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminist_movement • Wikipedia."History of feminism."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_feminism%23Waves_of_feminism • Wikipedia."Second-wave feminism."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second-wave_feminism • Wikipedia."First-wave feminism."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First-wave_feminism • Wiktionary."free rider."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/free_rider • Boundless Learning."Boundless."CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com//sociology/definition/cultural-theory • Boundless Learning."Boundless."CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com//sociology/definition/injustice-frame • Wikibooks."Introduction to Sociology/Social Movements."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Sociology/Social_Movements%23Social_Movement_Theories • Wikipedia."Polybius."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polybius • Wikipedia."political-demographic cycles."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/political-demographic%20cycles • Wikipedia."Malthusian catastrophe."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malthusian%20catastrophe • Wikipedia."Social cycle theory."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_cycle_theory • Wikipedia."Collective behavior."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collective%20behavior Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

33. Social Change • Wiktionary."riot."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/riot • Wikibooks."Introduction to Sociology/Collective Behavior."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Sociology/Collective_Behavior • Wikipedia."Propaganda."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propaganda • Wikipedia."The Power Elite."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Power_Elite • Wikipedia."Propaganda model."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propaganda_model Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com