Cyberbullying and Middle School Students: Final Presentation Kori M. Thompson Capella University

1. Cyberbullying and Middle School Students: Final Presentation Kori M. Thompson Capella University COUN5241 – Group Counseling and Psychotherapy Dr. Michael Hayes December 13, 2011

2. x Think Before You Speak Type Think Before You Type A Group Counseling Approach to Prevent Cyberbullying Among Middle School Students

3. Think Before You Type: Cyberbullying Awareness and PreventionApplying Research to Group Counseling • Cyberbullying • Research • Definition • Trends • Middle School Students • Availability of technology • On campus or off campus? • Effects on individual development • Effects on school environment

4. Think Before You Type: Cyberbullying Awareness and PreventionApplying Research to Group Counseling cont. School counselors and educators CAN ASSIST in much needed research efforts through: • Implementation of comprehensive bullying prevention programs including group counseling sessions Group Counseling Initiatives: • Promote awareness, empathy and confidence to take action • Focus on victims, bullies and bystanders • Organized lessons which empower students to use positive strategies in cyberbullying situations “If you think you are too small to be effective, you have never been in bed with a mosquito” - Betty Reese

5. Think Before You Type: Cyberbullying Awareness and PreventionEthical Considerations Ethical issues pertain to the standards that govern the conduct of professional members (Corey, Corey & Corey, 2010, p.70). • Informed Consent • Involuntary Membership • Freedom to Withdraw From a Group • Psychological Risk • Confidentiality • Counselor’s self-awareness of values and beliefs • Working with Diverse Populations • Use of Technology • Counselor Competence and Training (Corey, Corey & Corey, 2010)

6. Think Before You Type: Cyberbullying Awareness and PreventionGroup Design and Format Who? When? Where? • 6-8 grade students • 8 students per group • Member screening • Students who have been affected by cyberbullying (including bullies, victims and bystanders) • 30-40 minutes per session • 8 sessions (including opening and closing sessions) • 1 session per week (or as school schedule permits) • Additional group supplements for teachers and parents

7. Think Before You Type: Cyberbullying Awareness and PreventionGroup Design and Format What? Why? • Objectives and Goals • Help students to define and identify cyberbullying. • Educate students regarding the power of technology and help develop ways to use technology positively. • Provide students with the skills to treat others with respect and recognize the negative effects of cyberbullying on others. • Provide students with resources for help if they, or others they know, are being cyberbullied.

8. Think Before You Type: Cyberbullying Awareness and PreventionGroup Design and Format How? • 8 Sessions – Think Before You Type • Session 1 – Intro and Ice-Breaker • Session 2 – What is Cyberbullying? • Session 3 – The power of technology and your “fingerprint”. • Session 4 – Witnessing cyberbullying. • Session 5 – Victims of cyberbullying. • Session 6 – Cyberbullies. • Session 7 – HELP! What you can do. • Session 8 – Summary and closing. Think

9. Conclusion x Think Before You Speak Type • The time is now to address this growing trend within our schools. • Think Before you Speak Type • Who, What, Where, When, Why, How? • Supplemental aids for all stakeholders • Pre and post student evaluations x One in five middle school students has been effected by cyberbullying (Cyberbullying Research Center, 2010).

10. References Ang, R. P., & Goh, D. H. (2010). Cyberbullying among adolescents: The role of affective and cognitive empathy, and gender. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 41, 387-397. Burnham, B. (2011, August 1). Five trends: Schoolwide bully prevention. ASCA School Counselor, 48(6), 12-17. Chibbaro, J. (2007). School counselors and the cyberbully: Interventions and implications. Professional School Counseling, 11(1), 65-68. Clinton, W. J. (1996, January 23). State of the Union address. Retrieved from http://clinton2.nara.gov/WH/New/other/sotu.html Corey, M. S., Corey, G., & Corey, C. (2010). Groups process and practice (8th ed.). Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole. ISBN: 9780495600763. Corey, G., Corey, M. S., & Haynes, R. (2006). Groups in action: Evolution and challenges [DVD and workbook included]. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole. ISBN: 9780534638009. .

11. References Cyberbullying Research Center. (2010). Research. Retrieved from http://www.cyberbullying.us/research.php Dodge, K. A., Dishion, T. J., & Lansford, J. E. (2006). Deviant peer influences in programs for youth. New York: Guilford. Eisenberg, N., & Fabes, F. (1988). The relation of empathy to aggressive and externalizing/antisocial behavior. In D. W. Eisenberb (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology (pp. 701-778). New York: Wiley. Estevez, E., Musitu, G., & Herrero, J. (2005). The influence of violent behavior and victimization at school on psychological distress: The role of parents and teachers. Adolescence, 40, 183-195. Harris, S., & Petrie, G. (2003). Bullying: The bullies, the victims, the bystanders. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. Hazelden Foundation. (2011). Olweus bullying prevention program: What is cyber bullying? Retrieved from http://olweus.org/public/cyber_bullying.page?menuheader=1

12. References Hazler, R. J. (2006, March 18). Essential techniques for successful intervention and prevention of bullying. Workshop sponsored by the Counseling and Educational Psychology Department and the Gamma Zeta Chapter of Chi Sigma Iota., presented at University of West Georgia, Carrollton. Hinduja, S., & Patchin, J. W. (2009). Bullying beyond the schoolyard: Preventing and responding to cyberbullying. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications Hinduja, S., & Patchin, J. W. (2011, March 10). Overview of cyberbullying. Article presented at the The White House Conference on Bullying Prevention. Retrieved from http://www.stopbullying.gov/references/white_house_conference/ Jacobsen, K., & Bauman, S. (2007). Bullying in schools: School counselors' responses to three types of bullying incidents. Professional School Counseling, 11, 1-9. Jennings, K. (2011, August 1). Federal action to stop bullying [Letter]. ASCA School Counselor, 48(6), 14-15. Miller, P. A., & Eisenberg, N. (1988). The relation of empathy to aggressive and externalizing/antisocial behavior. Psychology Bulletin, 103, 324-344.

13. References National Center for Education Statistics. (2002). Internet access in U.S. public schools and classrooms: 1994-2003. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education. Olweus, D. (1993). Victimization by peers: Antecedents and long-term outcomes. In K. Rubin & J. Asendorf (Eds.), Social withdrawal, inhibition and shyness (pp. 315-334). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Reese, B. (n.d.). Quote. Retrieved from http://www.quotegarden.com/mlk-day.html Scarpaci, R. (2006). Bullying: Effective strategies for its prevention. Phi Delta Kappa, 42, 170-174. Young, A., Hardy, V., Hamilton, C., Biernesser, K., Sun, L., & Niebergall, S. (2009). Empowering students: Using data to transform a bullying prevention and intervention program. Professional School Counseling, 12(6), 413-420.