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An ontology server for the agentcities.NET project Dr. Manjula Patel

An ontology server for the agentcities.NET project Dr. Manjula Patel Technical Research and Development m.patel@ukoln.ac.uk http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/. An Ontology Server. … for the agentcities.NET project Review architectures, software toolkits, encoding formats

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An ontology server for the agentcities.NET project Dr. Manjula Patel

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  1. An ontology server for the agentcities.NET project Dr. Manjula Patel Technical Research and Development m.patel@ukoln.ac.uk http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/

  2. An Ontology Server • … for the agentcities.NET project • Review architectures, software toolkits, encoding formats • Mechanism for populating the server • Development of interactive and machine interfaces • Deployment of service on agentcities.NET • Deployment grant: Sept 2002 – Feb 2003

  3. Terminology • Metadata is • structured data about data • a form of language (pidgin) • A metadata vocabulary or schema: • declares a set of concepts or terms and their associated definitions and relationships • the terms are often known as elements, attributes and qualifiers • the definitions provide the semantics, ideally these are both human and machine readable • in effect a manifestation of an ontology • A scheme: • controlled vocabulary or enumerated type

  4. Conceptual Ontological Model Data Model Metadata Vocabulary Machine-readable XSD encoding Web readable HTML encoding Human-readable text encoding Machine-readable RDFS encoding Ontologies & Schemas

  5. Motivation • Disclosure of metadata vocabularies • Investigation of individual terms as well as whole vocabularies for adaptations, local usages and relationships with other vocabularies • Interoperability -convergence of ontologies within specific domains e.g. education, cultural heritage, publishing, rights management etc. • Reasoning and inference -automated querying of metadata vocabularies by software agents to acquire the semantics associated with specific terms

  6. Contents • Ontologies or metadata vocabularies • Notion of Application Profiles as basis for encodings • Specification language currently used is RDF Schemas

  7. Architecture • Centralised -heavy maintenance burden • e.g. ISO/IEC 11179 based registries • (Environmental Protection Agency, Australian Health Information Knowledgebase), Dublin Core Metadata Initiative(DCMI), DESIRE, MetaForm • Distributed -content and maintenance is distributed, based on a harvesting model • e.g. SCHEMAS and CORES RDF registries

  8. Encoding formats XSD (lacks underlying data model) RDFS (lacks explicit data typing, structuring and constraint modeling) OWL DAML+ OIL WebOnt WG RDFcore

  9. RDFS encoding RDFS encoding RDFS encoding RDFS encoding Internet (HTTP) Schema Registry/ Ontology Server RDF triples database Ontology acquisition

  10. Interactive interface • Support for schema developers and implementers • Disclosure or publication environment for vocabularies • Enable queries across a whole range of schemas • Clarify relationships between vocabularies • Encourage sharing of existing vocabularies to help avoid duplication of effort • Encourage convergence and harmonisation within single domains • Promotion of standards to improve potential for cross-domain interoperability

  11. Machine interface • Software interface to allow agents to query, search and navigate metadata vocabularies • retrieve semantics • perform inferencing and reasoning tasks • Essential infrastructure for the Semantic Web

  12. Deployment of service • Connection of the server to agentcities.NET network • Provision of semantics in a machine-readable format to enable effective function of software agents in providing automated services

  13. Selected references • Tim Berners-Lee, James Hendler and Ora Lassila, • The Semantic Web, Scientific American, May 2001 • http://www.scientificamerican.com/2001/0501issue/0501berners-lee.html • Rachel Heery & Manjula Patel, Application Profiles: Mixing and matching metadata schemas Ariadne, Issue 25, Sept 2000 http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue25/app-profiles/ • Thomas Baker, Makx Dekkers, Rachel Heery, Manjula Patel, Gauri Salokhe, What Terms Does Your Metadata Use? Application Profiles as Machine-Understandable Narratives, Journal of Digital Information, October 2001 • http://jodi.ecs.soton.ac.uk/Articles/v02/i02/Baker/ • Thomas Baker, A Grammar for Dublin Core • Dlib Magazine, 6(1)) October 2000

  14. …a national focus of expertise in digital information management… Dr. Manjula Patel Technical Research and Development m.patel@ukoln.ac.uk http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/

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