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(Page 199)

handout. (Page 199). 11.1 Refraction of Light. 11.1. Understanding Refraction. Light travels at __________in a vacuum ____________ in any other medium. 11.1. Describing Refraction.

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(Page 199)

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  1. handout (Page 199) 11.1 Refraction of Light

  2. 11.1 Understanding Refraction • Light travels at __________in a vacuum • ____________ in any other medium

  3. 11.1 Describing Refraction • When light travels from one medium to another (e.g. ____________________) the light rays refract (_________) • The direction & speed of the light _____________

  4. 11.1 Describing Refraction (review) • Light travels as a wave • Light has a wave front (crest) & direction • Crests are perpendicular to the direction

  5. 11.1 Describing Refraction • Boundary: the surface between two media (e.g. air & glass) students marching in a parade… • As students reach mud they slow down bending the row • The red line shows the direction of the parade Do practice problems # 1-4 on p 451

  6. 11.1 Fermat’s Principle • Fermat’s Principle: light follows the path that will take the least time • In one medium, this is a straight line • Moving to another medium gives a second straight line

  7. 11.1 Describing Refraction Using Rays • Refracted Ray: The ray that is bent • Angle of Refraction: The angle between the normal and the refracted ray (R)

  8. 11.1 The Direction of the Refracted Ray • When light travels from a faster medium to a slower medium (or vice versa), refraction happens • The refracted ray bends towards the normal: when light travels to a slower medium • The refracted ray bends away from the normal: when light travels to a faster medium Refraction animation

  9. 11.1 Index of Refraction • How much a light ray refracts depends on _____________ _____________________________________________ • Index of Refraction:

  10. 11.1 Dispersion • Dispersion: • White light includes all visible wavelengths of light (ROYGBIV) • White light entering a prism is defracted twice;

  11. 11.1 Dispersion • Each colour travels at a slightly different _____________through the prism • Red light is travelling the slowest, so it refracts the _________. • Violet light is moving at fastest, so it refracts the __________

  12. 11.1 Reporting Indices of Refraction • Yellow is used as a standard for reporting the index of refraction of light • Indices of refraction for gases include pressure (kPa) & temperature (ºC) conditions • Indices of refraction for solids and liquids include only temperature (ºC) conditions • Indices of refraction are always greater than 1 since speed of light in any medium is always _______________ • _________________________________________________

  13. 11.1 Reporting Indices of Refraction • If you know the index of refraction, you can calculate the speed of light in that medium. • Do Practice Problems # 1-4 on page 455

  14. Do Questions # 1-5 on page 456

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