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Understanding the Upper Respiratory System Anatomy

Explore the intricate structures of the upper respiratory system, from the external nares to the nasal cavity and nasopharynx. Learn about the nasal conchae, paranasal sinuses, and the intricate functions of respiratory muscles.

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Understanding the Upper Respiratory System Anatomy

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  1. Respiratory

  2. Upper Respiratory

  3. external nares (nostrils)

  4. nasal cavity

  5. nasal septum

  6. Perpendicularplate

  7. vomer bone

  8. internal nares The nose leads to the pharynx through this pair of openings creating a pathway for air to reach the lungs

  9. Nasal conchae superior middle inferior Thin scroll-shaped bony structures that force air over a large surface area for rapid warming and filtering

  10. Paranasal sinuses

  11. ethmoid Contains 3-18 small air spaces or “cells” inside ethmoid bone

  12. frontal

  13. maxillary

  14. sphenoid

  15. hard palate

  16. pharynx Throat: extends from internal nares down to the larynx

  17. nasopharynx Posterior to nasal cavity and extends to the plane of the soft palate

  18. oropharynx Posterior to oral cavity and extends from soft palate to the level of the hyoid bone

  19. laryngopharynx Begins at the level of the hyoid bone and connects the esophagus with the larynx (voice box)

  20. larynx

  21. epiglottis

  22. thyroid cartilage

  23. arytenoid cartilage

  24. corniculate cartilage

  25. cricoid cartilage

  26. Vocal cords False vocal cord True vocal cord

  27. glottis (opening)

  28. Lower Respiratory Tract

  29. trachea

  30. carina One of the most sensitive areas for triggering a cough reflex

  31. respiratory tree Begins at the trachea and ends at the terminal bronchioles Trachea Primary Bronchi Secondary Bronchi Tertiary Bronchi Bronchioles Terminal Bronchioles

  32. primary bronchi

  33. secondary (lobar) bronchi

  34. tertiary (segmental) bronchi

  35. intralobular bronchiole

  36. terminal bronchiole

  37. respiratory bronchiole

  38. alveolar duct

  39. alveolar sac

  40. alveoli

  41. lungs

  42. lobes

  43. Right lung 1 • – 3 lobes 2 3

  44. Left lung • – 2 lobes 1 2

  45. RESPIRATORY MUSCLES KNOW the muscle involved in normal and forced ventilation

  46. INSPIRATORY MUSCLES

  47. diaphragm

  48. external intercostals

  49. sternocleidomastoid

  50. pectoralis minor

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