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Beyond WAP

Beyond WAP. By Zhongyin J. Daye Han-Chung Lee. Agenda. Introduction WAP Protocol Stack Future Wireless Environment Problem Facing WAP Application Layer Transport Layer Conclusion. WAP Protocol Stack. WAP has layer-to-layer communication.

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Beyond WAP

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  1. Beyond WAP By Zhongyin J. Daye Han-Chung Lee

  2. Agenda • Introduction • WAP Protocol Stack • Future Wireless Environment • Problem Facing WAP • Application Layer • Transport Layer • Conclusion

  3. WAP Protocol Stack • WAP has layer-to-layer communication. • Wireless Datagram Protocol (WDP) runs on top of different network bearer. • Wireless Transaction Protocol operates on top of WDP.

  4. Future Wireless Environment Source: Merill Lynch, WAP Forum, & Beyond WAP Group

  5. Problems Facing WAP • WAP only support simple graphic and text in one specific format and is not compatible with the Internet. • 3G wireless applications will be dominate by streaming multimedia, which WAP does not support.

  6. Agenda • Introduction • Application Layer • iMode • Java (Accessory Application Support) • Mobile Markup Language (MML) • WAP 2.0 • Transport Layer • Conclusion

  7. iMode Current Service Comparison: NTT DoCoMo & Java Alliance - enhanced security - game downloads - vector-driven client-generated graphics Source: Eurotechnology Japan K. K., NTT DoCoMo, & Beyond WAP Group

  8. Java Java™ 2 Platform, Micro Edition (J2ME) - allows dynamic download of new applications over wireless networks - vector-driven client-generated graphics ensures viability of real-time games such as Tetric and 3D Maze K virtual Machine (KVM) - provides highly optimized runtime environment for small hand-held devices - offers multithreading and garbage collection - compatible with Java 2 Platform, Standard Edition (J2SE) & Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EE) Mobile Information Device (MID) profile offers APIs facilitating user interface, persistent storage, security and messaging on wireless devices. Source: Sun Microsystems, Inc.

  9. Java (Continued) JavaPhone provides direct telephony control, datagram messaging, address book and calendar information, user profile access, power monitoring, and application installation. Source: Sun Microsystems, Inc.

  10. Mobile Markup Language(MML) Subset Principle:uses different application environment package for different devices Source: MOBIDY & Beyond WAP Group

  11. MML (Continued) MML is built chiefly upon the SMS system, but is also applicable to both the packet and circuit switch platform Source: MOBIDY & Beyond WAP Group

  12. MML (Continued) MML’s Advantage over WAP A. Support of HTML 4.0: guarantees HTML convergence later on. B. Subset Concept: Allows device differentiation while maintaining same language support Source: MOBIDY, J-Phone, & Beyond WAP Group

  13. WAP 2.0 • WAP envisions the convergence of WAP and XHTML. • XHTML is the next generation HTML that seeks to separate content from transmission. Source: Phone.com, Lehman Brothers, & Beyond WAP group

  14. Agenda • Introduction • Application Layer • Transport Layer • WAP Transport Layer • Alternative Transport Protocols • ESRO, VMTP, and MNCP • TCP • Suggestion on Transport Layer • Conclusion

  15. WAP Transport Layer • WDP is replaced by UDP when the underlying network bearer is IP. • WTP is built on top of a datagram service. • WTP is transactional based. • WTP has no congestion control.

  16. Alternative Transport Protocols

  17. ESRO, VMTP, and MNCP • Both ESRO and VMTP are transaction-based protocol built for RPC. • WDP used ESRO and T/TCP as its design model. • MNCP is another proxy service similar to WAP.

  18. TCP • TCP has too much overhead for wireless links. • TCP assumes all packet loss is due to congestion. • TCP does not provide layer to layer communication.

  19. Suggestion on Transport Layer • Use TCP for streaming applications and keep WTP for transactional applications. • Improve TCP overhead by using Delayed Dupack and SACK. • Implement layer-to-layer communication in TCP as an option. • Adjust TCP window size to fit high latency, high bandwidth wireless links.

  20. Conclusion • Application Layer • WAP, iMode, & MML will coexist • WAP will dominate within the next few years due to its multi-bearer support • iMode will dominate afterwards with its unmatchable function supports • Transport Layer • Transport Layer converges to TCP.

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