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Compensation in Czech law

Compensation in Czech law. Petra Humlickova Utrecht, Water and Oceans Law in Times of Climate Change 2013. Compensation on nature. § 68 Act 114/1992 Coll . on protection of nature and landscape Owner / tenats of land

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Compensation in Czech law

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  1. Compensation in Czech law Petra Humlickova Utrecht, Water and Oceans Law in Times of Climate Change 2013

  2. Compensation on nature • § 68 Act114/1992 Coll. on protectionofnature and landscape • Owner/tenatsofland • Improvetheconditionofpreserved natural environment and landscape • Forthepurposeofpreserving diversity of natural species and systemsofecological stability • Natureconservationauthoritiesthemselves • Owner not respond • 30 cases/year (x 400 fines)

  3. Compensation on nature II • § 8 Act – fellingwood – compensatoryplanting • Subsequent care max. 5 years • Methodology on assessingtrees • § 66 Act • Prohibit/imposeconditionactivitiesthatcould cause unwarrantedchange on nature • Permittedactivities

  4. Compensation on waters • Fees • Impactassessment NATURA 2000 • Environmentalliability • Transfer ofStateProperty to ThirdPersons • Act on EnvironmentalLiability • WaterAct

  5. Fee • Withdrawalofsurfaceorgroundwater • Dischargeofwastewater • Amount • Pollution • StateEnvironmentalFund x municipalities x riverbasinadministrators

  6. Impactassessmenton NATURA 2000 • § 45i act 114/1992 Coll. on protectionofnature and landscape • Project orplanwith negative impacts • no alternatives • imperative reasons of overriding public interest • Ensurecompensatorymeasures • Compensatorymeasures • Competentbodies – municipalitiesorspecialisedbodies in protectedareas • Necessary to ensure the overall coherence of NATURA 2000 sites • Plan • ensure the possibility of replacing the locality concerned by implementationof plan • of similar scope and quality and with the same degree protection • Project • creating the conditions for maintaining or improving thesubjects protection in the same location • replacement by siteatotherlocations of similar scope and quality • Onlylisted in statementofimpactassessment x mustbewithinthepermit • Interruptionofprocesstillcarryoutcompensatorymeasures • Neverused in CZ

  7. Transfer of State Property to Third Persons • Act 92/1991 on Conditionsof Transfer ofStateProperty to ThirdPersons • Contract • EU funds

  8. Act on EnvironmentalLiability I • Act 167/2008 on prevention and remedying of environmental damage • environmental damage: • groundwaterorsurfacewaters • occur directly orindirectly • measurable adverse change in a natural resource • measurable impairment of a natural resource service • significantly adversely affects the ecological, chemical orquantitative status of water or its ecological potential

  9. Act on EnvironmentalLiabilityII • Preventive and remedialmeasures • Recovery • return of damaged natural resourcesand impaired services to baseline condition • existingatthe time of the environmental damage that would have continued to exist had theenvironmental damage not occurred • estimated on the basis of the best informationavailable • Proceedings • Ex officio • On request • Neverused in CZ

  10. WaterActI • § 40 – 42 Act 254/2001 on Water • Impactedstate • Accidents • Exceptionalseriousthreatordeterioration • Alwaysoil, especiallydangeroussubstances, radiation, technicaldisordersofequipment, protectedareas • Unauthoriseddischargeofwastewater • Unauthorisedoperationsinvolvingharmfulsubstances • Originator + legalsuccessors • Remedialmeasures • Necessary to remedyimpactedstate • Baselinecondition • Conditions set by Czech EnvironmentalInspectorateormunicipality

  11. WaterAct II • Waterauthorityor Czech EnvironmentalInspectorate • competenceproblems • Proceedings • Originator • Fail to perform + dangermaybeinvolved in delay – waterauthorityor Czech EnvironmentalInspectorateensureatoriginator‘saccount • Specialaccount – 13 x cca € 400 000 • No public participation

  12. Act on EnvironmentalLiabilityx WaterAct • Where environmental damage is caused by an accident pursuant to the Water Act: • theprocedure in remedying and elimination of adverse consequences thereof - Water Act • the procedure in imposing remedial measures to eliminate theconsequences of the accident - Act on EnvironmentalLiability

  13. WaterAct III • In 2012 • Cca 3.500 controls • 400 x fine • 58 x accidents • 412 x public motions • 76 x compensatorymeasures

  14. Conclusions • Not usedacts • Fines overestimatingabovecompensatorymeasures • Specialfunds • Detailedlevelforcompensatorymeasures • Public participation + access to justice

  15. Humlic.prf@gmail.com

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