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P-net , bluetooth, ZigBee, ARCnet og TTP

P-net , bluetooth, ZigBee, ARCnet og TTP. P-net. P-NET Data Link Layer. Node address field. Control/Status. Info length. Info field. Error det. 2 - 24 bytes. 1 byte. 1 byte. 0 - 63 bytes. 1 - 2 bytes. Frame format. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7. 0. x. x. x. x. x. x. x. x.

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P-net , bluetooth, ZigBee, ARCnet og TTP

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  1. P-net, bluetooth, ZigBee, ARCnet og TTP

  2. P-net

  3. P-NET Data Link Layer Node address field Control/Status Info length Info field Error det. 2 - 24 bytes 1 byte 1 byte 0 - 63 bytes 1 - 2 bytes Frame format 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 x x x x x x x x x 1 1 stop bit Address/data bit (1 = address) 8 data bit 1 start bit Create and recognize frame boundaries Bit

  4. Frame: Node address field • Each node has a unique node address (NA = 1-125) • Bits • 0-6 node address • 7 request = 0, response = 1 • Node address • 0 internal applications • 126 broadcasting without acknowledge • 127 reserved for test.

  5. Virtuel token parsing

  6. Virtuel token parsing

  7. Bluetooth

  8. ZigBee • Hvorfor ikke bluetooth eller WLAN. • Fx:50.000 hjem med 100 wireless control/sensor devices. Case 1: 802.11 Rx power is 667 mW = 3.33 megawatt Case 2: 802.15.1 Rx power is 100 mW = 500kilowatt Case 3: 802.15.4 Rx power is 30 mW = 150 kilowatt Case 4: 802.15.4 power cycle. 1% (typisk duty cycle) = 150 watt!

  9. ZigBee

  10. ZigBee • Star netwærk En enkelt ZigBee coordinator med en eller flere ZigBee End Devices (op til 65,536) • Cluster tree netværk. • Mesh network med routing.

  11. ZigBee IEEE 802.15.4 defined TM ZigBee Alliance defined End manufacturer defined Layer function Layer interface Application (APL) Layer Application Framework ZigBee Device Object (ZDO) Application Application … Interfaces ZDO Public Object 240 Object 1 Endpoint 240 Endpoint 1 Endpoint 0 APSDE-SAP APSDE-SAP APSDE-SAP Application Support Sublayer (APS) APSME-SAP APS Message Reflector ASL Security APS Security Broker Management Management Management Security ZDO Management Plane Service - NLDE-SAP Provider Network (NWK) Layer NWK Security NWK Message Routing Network NLME-SAP Management Broker Management Management MLDE-SAP MLME-SAP Medium Access Control (MAC) Layer PLME-SAP PD-SAP Physical (PHY) Layer 2.4 GHz Radio

  12. ZigBee • 4 frame typer: • Beacon • Data • MAC command • Acknowledge

  13. ARCNET Token-bus net Host 1 Host 2 Host n ..... Hastighed : max 10 Mbit/s Antal hosts pr. segment: 255 dvs ID: 1-255

  14. Opstart af token Hvis en maskine ikke er med dvs ingen INVITATION TO TRANSMIT i 420 S. Så råber den ''ALLE SKAL DØ'' RECONFIGURATION BURST .... 111111110 111111110 111111110 765 gange Her efter: Når bus bliver IDLE vent 41S + 73 S * (255-ID) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Hvis stabig IDLE så:Send INVITATION TO TRANSMIT til mig selv samt find næste hoat men mindre ID Ellers: Vent til en sender INVITATION TO TRANSMIT til mig

  15. Find NID NID er ID'en for den host med nærmeste lavere ID. NID = ID NID--; Send ITT to NID hvis ingen aktivitet i 37,4 S så hop: ellers stop ca 3 km frem samt tilbage= 15 S + 15 S plus opstartstid ca 6.4 S.

  16. Pakkeformat 11 bit Der sendes byte enheder: xxxx-xxxx 110 Invitation To Transmit: ITT 111111 EOT DID DID End Of Transmission: 04Hex To gange Distination ID

  17. Pakkeformat Free Buffer Enquiries 111111 ENQ DID DID Enquiry: 85Hex To gange Distination ID Negative Acknowledgement Acknowledgement 111111 NAK 111111 ACK 15Hex 86Hex

  18. Pakkeformat DataPakke ... 111111 SOH SID DID DID Source ID Start Of Header: 01Hex To gange Distination ID ... COUNT SC DATA CRC CRC 1-508 byte 256-N for short packet 16 15 2 1 X + X + X + X 512-N for long packet 0 for long packet

  19. Data transmision Sender: ID Modtage: DID ITT til ID send FBE send ACK send DataPacket send ACK ITT til NID

  20. TDMA

  21. TTP MEDL-tabel for note 3 Time Buf add. D L I T ..... 3 1 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 .....

  22. Pakkeformat Normal 1 4 0-128 16 CRC Data Header StartOf Frame Header: 1 Bit I/N-frame og 3bit Mode change. Init 1 4 16 CRC Global time, current MEDL index, Membership vector

  23. Tradmark (Name) Application area Technology Capacity Support Controller Area Network (CAN) automotive industry, cars, forklifters, tractors CSMA/CA 40m: 1 mbps 500m: 125kbps Intel embedded controllers (80517). Keil RT-51. DeviceNet from Allen Bradley Profibus Proces control Higher level token rotation. Lower level master slave. 2 mbps on rs-485 Siemens Simatic EN50170 P-net  Proces control Virtual higher level token rotation. Lower level master slave. 76.8 kbps on rs-485 P-net from Proces Data EN50170 Attached Ressource Computer Network ARC-net Robot control, Marine automation Token bus. 2-5 mbps on rs-485 Mitsubitsi  ATOMOS EN50170 Time Triggered Protocol Car automation, x-by wire TDMA 2 mbps Tttech, Tech Univ. of Vienna. Herman Kopetz LON proces control CSMA/CD ... 300-1.2 mbps EcheLon LonWorks Motorola Highway Adressable Remote Transducer (HART) Transducer communication FSK on 4-20 mA  Master Slave 3-4 req. / sec. InterBus Procescontrol Master Slave. Summation Frame Protocol 500 kpbs on rs-485 Bitbus radio broadcast and telecommunication systems building automation Master Slave 300 kbps on rs-485 FireWire Connecting video and audio equiptment in PC-env. Combined Daisy Chain and TDMA 50-400 mbps on  tw. pair. (4.5 m.) IEEE 1394 Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) all purpose LAN space applications Token ring 100 mbps on fiber optics or tw. pair. (100km, max 2 km betw. stations.) IEEE 802.5 Industrial Ethernet

  24. Transmission Error Control Tilføje ekstra bit til pakker således at der bliver en given mindste afstand (Hamming afstand) mellem lovlige pakker. Fx. Even paritet som giver Hamming afstand på 2.

  25. Transmission Error Control Hamming afstand: dmin = 5. Max antal fejl der kan detekteres: dmin - 1. Max antal fejl der kan rettes: (dmin - 1) / 2.

  26. CRC - Cyclic Redundancy Check IEEE 802.3 CRC-32: x32+x26+x23+x22+x16+x12+x11+x10+x8+x7+x5+x4+x2+x1+1 Dvs 10000 0100 - 1100 0001- 0001 1101 - 1011 0111 ARCnet: CRC-16 x^16 + x15 + x ^ 2 + 1 Dvs 11000 0000 - 0000 0101 CAN bus: CRC-CCITT X^16+X^12+X^5+1 Dvs 10001 0000 - 0010 0001

  27. CRC - Cyclic Redundancy Check • List af de mest brugte CRC polynomier • CRC-12: X^12+X^11+X^3+X^2+X+1 • CRC-16: X^16+X^15+X^2+1 • CRC-CCITT: X^16+X^12+X^5+1 • CRC-32: X^32+X^26+X^23+X^22+X^16+X^12+ • X^11+X^10+X^8+X^7+X^5+X^4+X^2+X+1 • The CRC-12 bruges til 6-bits streams. • Både CRC-16 og CCRC-CCITT er for 8 bits streams. • CRC-32 giver ekstra sikkerhed da der generes en 32 bit Checksum. • CRC-32 bruges i fx. (IEEE-802).

  28. CRC - Cyclic Redundancy Check Polynomie: 10011 Data: 1101011011 110000 10011 :1101011011 10011 10011 10011 00001 00000 00010 00000 00101 00000 01011 Remainder Checksum 00000 1011

  29. CRC - Cyclic Redundancy Check

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