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BUCDC

BUCDC. Center for Disease Control @ Boston University. Welcome. B.U.C.D.C is the Boston University Center for Disease Control Founded: 1968

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BUCDC

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  1. BUCDC Center for Disease Control @ Boston University

  2. Welcome • B.U.C.D.C is the Boston University Center for Disease Control • Founded: 1968 • Mission: The storage and study of pathogenic agents for the purposes of understanding disease transmission in order to control and eradicate potential outbreaks

  3. B.U.C.D.C. Staff • Director of Pathogen Storage: Jan Blom • Director of Laboratory Safety: Matthew Walker • Director of Technology Support: Xiaojuan Khoo • Technical Assistants: • Derek Stefanik • Ysabel Milton • Kevin Yu • Angela Seliga

  4. Lab Safety http://www.mbio.ncsu.edu/MB451/lab/labSafety.jpeg

  5. Lab Safety: What’s So Dangerous? • Pathogenic Agents • Bacteria:Necrotizing Fasciitis, TB, Diptheria, Anthrax • Viruses: Swine Flu, Measles, Mumps, AIDS • Parasites: Tape worm, Guinea worm, Flea, Hook worm • Prions: Kuru, Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) Pathogenic: “To cause disease”

  6. Lab Safety: Eliminate the Transmission of Disease • Communicable Disease: Can pass between individuals • Cutaneous • Direct skin to skin contact is required for transmission • Anthrax, Athletes Foot • Ingestion • Transmission occurs when then the pathogenic agent is eaten • Kuru, Tape worm • Bodily fluid • Direct contact with the following fluids is required: saliva, blood, lymph, urine • AIDS, Hepatitis • Inhalation • Agent is airborne enters via the lungs • SARS, Influenza, The common cold

  7. Lab Safety Guidelines (Pg. 3-4) • Primary Goals • Protect researcher from the sample • Protect the sample from the researcher • Physical Barriers • Lab coats • Gloves • Tie hair back

  8. Lab Safety Guidelines (Pg. 3-4) • Other • No eating/drink/headphones/cell phones • Waste goes into appropriate bins • Report all spills • All backpacks/jackets should be placed on the counter away from the lab space • Wash all working spaces with 70% ethanol • ASK QUESTIONS IF YOU ARE NOT SURE! Refer to the provided Lab Safety Guide and sign the Lab Safety Contract (Pg. 4) before proceeding.

  9. Lab Safety Quiz: What is Unsafe About These Pictures?

  10. What is Unsafe About This Picture? http://www.chem.unl.edu/chwang/orgsafety/jun17_12.jpg

  11. What is Unsafe About This Picture?

  12. What is Unsafe About This Picture? Trash

  13. BUCDC Ice Breaker! • Put on lab coat, gloves • Touch powder • Blot hand • Shake hands with assigned individual • Blot hand on paper • Repeat FOLLOW THE DIRECTIONS AS THEY ARE GIVEN TO YOU

  14. BUCDC Ice Breaker – Lab Safety 1 • Put on lab coat and gloves • Note your ID number • Dispose of gloves in generic waste • DO NOT DISCARD THE PAPER TOWELS WITH HAND PRINTS!

  15. BUCDC Ice Breaker Towel 1 Towel 3 Towel 4 Towel 2 White Powder Your Station

  16. Step 1: Place RIGHT HAND in powder Powder • Rub hands together, making sure you get lots of powder on your RIGHT hand. • Make sure you stand away from table – DO NOT CONTAMINATE your work bench and materials.

  17. Step 2: Make a handprint and write down your ID# Self Test Use your RIGHT hand - hold for 5 seconds Write your ID# Round 2 Round 3 Round 1

  18. Step 3: Series of Handshaking • For each Round • Shake hands for 5 seconds using RIGHT hands • Make a handprint on towel • Total of 3 Rounds of Handshaking • We will tell you who to shake hands with

  19. Round 1 – START! DO NOT TOUCH ANY OTHER PERSON OR SURFACE TO AVOID CONTAMINATION! • Stand up • Find assigned “Shakee” • Stand by “Shakee” • Shake hands for 5 seconds • E.g., #1 shake #26 • Return to seat • Make handprint on next towel • Write Shakee’s #

  20. Round 1: Make a handprint and write down Shakee’s # Round 1 Write Shakee’s # Self Test Round 2 Round 3 Your ID#

  21. Round 2 – START! DO NOT TOUCH ANY OTHER PERSON OR SURFACE TO AVOID CONTAMINATION! Shake hands with your new assigned “Shakee” Make hand print on next towel Write down Shakee’s #

  22. Round 2: Make a handprint and write down Shakee’s # Round 2 Write Shakee’s # Self Test Round 1 Round 3 Your # Shakee’s #

  23. Round 3 – START! DO NOT TOUCH ANY OTHER PERSON OR SURFACE TO AVOID CONTAMINATION! Shake hands with your new assigned “Shakee” Make hand print on last towel Write down Shakee’s #

  24. Round 3: Make a handprint and write down Shakee’s # Round 3 Write Shakee’s # Self Test Round 1 Round 2 Your # Shakee’s # Shakee’s #

  25. After 3 rounds of handshaking… • Throw out gloves: In generic trash • Keep paper towels in front of you Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Self Test Your # Shakee’s # Shakee’s # Shakee’s #

  26. WARNING!! WARNING!!!

  27. WARNING Air Born Pathogen Detected Initiate Containment Protocol Pressurizing Laboratory Laboratory Sealed Lock Down Complete

  28. Possible Pathogenic Agents

  29. Action Plan • Who was exposed to the pathogen? • Who was Patient Zero? • How is the disease passed from person to person? • What bacteria have we been exposed to? • What is the best treatment for that pathogen?

  30. Epidemiology - The Basics Epidemic: When the number of newly reported cases in a population is larger then expected Patient Zero: First known case of disease • Epidemiologists try to figure out: How (the disease is transmitted) When (was it transmitted) Where (did it start) What (what is the cause) Who (has the disease)

  31. Real World Example: Swine Flu * Last updated on May 2, 2009

  32. Patient Zero to Epidemic Known Patient Zeros 1854 Baby at Louis House. Cholera in Soho 1915 Mary Mallon (A.K.A Typhoid Mary). Typhoid outbreak in N.Y.C. 1976 Mabalo Lokela Ebola viruses 2003 Liu Jianlun. SARS in Hong Kung 2009 swine flu

  33. Patient Zero to Epidemic Patient Zero is infected

  34. Patient Zero to Epidemic Patient Zero is infected Interacts with others, passes on infection

  35. Patient Zero to Epidemic Patient Zero is infected Interacts with others Patient Zero dies, neighbors infect

  36. Patient Zero to Epidemic Patient zero is infected Interacts with others Patient Zero dies, neighbors infect Neighbors interact with others, infecting them

  37. Patient Zero to Epidemic Patient zero is infected Interacts with others Patient zero dies, neighbors infected Neighbors interact with others, infecting them Disease reaches epidemic levels

  38. Patient Zero to Epidemic Patient Zero is infected Interacts with others Patient Zero dies, neighbors infected Neighbors interact with others, infecting them Disease reaches epidemic levels Response: Isolate those infected Treat or let the disease run its course Quarantine

  39. Who’s infected? How do doctors test for bacteria? Hint: How do you test for Strep Throat? Take sample, and let it grow Problem: Lack of time

  40. Who’s infected? How do doctors test for bacteria? Hint: How do you test for Strep Throat? Take sample, and let it grow Problem: Lack of time Fortunately, the bacteria lights up under black light. Use light as a detection method Have you been infected?

  41. Action Plan • Who was exposed to the pathogen? • 8 people • We have an outbreak situation • Who was Patient Zero? • How is the disease passed from person to person? • Which bacteria have we have been exposed to? • What is the best treatment for that pathogen?

  42. Who is Patient Zero?How Fast is it Spreading? • In the worksheet, identify the individuals that are infected for each round of handshaking. [Pg. 7)

  43. Tracking the infection How quickly does the infection spread? 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 Rd 3 Rd 2 Rd 1 Initial Rd 4 4 2 Total # Infected

  44. Tracking the infection How quickly does the infection spread? 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 Rd 3 Rd 2 Rd 1 Initial Rd 4 4 2 Total # Infected

  45. Emergency Alert! We have 2 HOURS to identify the pathogen and find a cure

  46. Ice Breaker – Discussion (Pg. 8) • Who is Patient Zero? • What is the most likely route of transmission? Explain. • How would the transmission of the disease change if it were airborne? Waterborne?

  47. Action Plan • Who was exposed to the pathogen? • 8 people • The rest of the lab will be infected in 2 hours • Who was Patient Zero? • The first known infected patient is #5 • How is the disease passed from person to person? • Most likely skin to skin contact • Which bacteria have we have been exposed to? • What is the best treatment for that pathogen?

  48. How To Identify Bacteria • DNA sequencing • Order of nucleotide (ACGT) varies between bacteria • Culture • Specific bacteria can only grow in certain environments • Morphology • Classify bacteria via shape or other physical properties • Physiology (Enzymatic Processes) • Certain bacteria can carry out different reactions • Other?

  49. How To Identify Bacteria • DNA sequencing • Order of nucleotide (ACGT) varies between bacteria • Culture • Specific bacteria can only grow in certain environments • Morphology • Classify bacteria via shape or other physical properties • Physiology (Enzymatic Processes) • Certain bacteria can carry out different reactions • Other?

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