Vocabulary Review

1. Vocabulary Review Ch 28 – Plant Evolution and Classification

2. A waxy or fatty and watertight layer on the external wall of epidermal cells Cuticle

3. A reproductive cell or multicellular structure that is resistant to environmental conditions and that can develop into an adult without fusion with another cell Spore

4. A plant embryo that is enclosed in a protective coat Seed

5. The specialized conducting tissue that is found in higher plants and that is made up mostly of xylem and phloem Vascular tissue

6. The type of tissue in vascular plants that provides support and conducts water and nutrients from the roots Xylem

7. In vascular plants, the tissue that carries organic and inorganic nutrients in any direction, depending on the plant’s needs Phloem

8. The three groups of plants (liverworts, hornworts, and mosses) that lack specialized conducting tissues and true roots, stems, and leaves Nonvascular plant

9. A plant that has true roots, stems, and leaves and a vascular system composed of xylem and phloem which are specialized tissues that conduct materials from one part of the plant to another Vascular plant

10. A plant that produces seeds Seed plant

11. A woody, vascular seed plant whose seeds are not enclosed by an ovary or fruit Gymnosperm

12. A flowering plant that produces seeds within a fruit Angiosperm

13. In plants and algae that have alternation of generations, the diploid individual or generation that produces haploid spores Sporophyte

14. In alternation of generations, the phase in which gametes are formed; a haploid individual that produces gametes Gametophyte

15. The alternation of sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction in certain plants and animals Alternation of generations

16. A plant that has no vascular tissue and absorbs nutrients and water from the soil through root-like hairs; examples include mosses and liverworts Bryophyte

17. A member of the phylum Hepatophyta, a unique group of bryophytes that grow close to the ground in moist, shady areas and that are characterized by unique structures on the gametophytes Liverwort

18. A member of the phylum Anthocerophyta, a unique group of bryophytes that grow close to the ground in moist, shady areas and that are characterized by long, thin, photosynthetic sporophytes Hornwort

19. A cone-like structure of sporangia-bearing leaves Strobilus

20. A horizontal, underground stem that provides a mechanism for asexual reproduction Rhizome

21. The tightly coiled new leaves of a fern Fiddlehead

22. The leaf of a fern or palm Frond

23. To begin to grow from an embryo into a mature form Germinate

24. A young plant grown from a seed Seedling

25. In plants, a seed-bearing structure; in animals, a photoreceptor within the retina sensitive to bright light Cone

26. A tree that sheds and regrows its leaves in response to seasonal changes Deciduous

27. In the female reproductive system of animals, an organ that produces eggs; in flowering plants, the lower part of a pistil that produces eggs in ovules Ovary

28. The embryonic leaf of a seed Cotyledon

29. A monocotyledonous plant; a plant that produces seeds that have only one cotyledon Monocot

30. A dicotyledonous plant; an angiosperm that has two cotyledons, net venation, and flower parts in groups of four or five Dicot

31. In plants, a bundle of vascular tissue that transports fluids and nutrients; in animals, a vessel that carries blood to the heart Vein

32. A parallel arrangement of veins; typical of the leaves of monocots Parallel venation

33. A nonparallel, branching network of veins that is typical of the leaves of dicots Net venation