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Data Representation and Memory Storage

Data Representation and Memory Storage. Data Representation. How does a computer represent a song? A picture? A video? Bits – 0’s and 1’s So how does a computer represent bits?. Data Representation. OR Magnetic orientation of the poles of a magnet represent the state of a bit.

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Data Representation and Memory Storage

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  1. Data Representation and Memory Storage

  2. Data Representation How does a computer represent a song? A picture? A video? Bits – 0’s and 1’s So how does a computer represent bits?

  3. Data Representation OR Magnetic orientation of the poles of a magnet represent the state of a bit

  4. Data Representation A byte is 8 bits A byte represents many things in a computer such as characters, commands, colors, etc. All computer instructions are done by doing arithmetic operations on bytes

  5. How to add two numbers in Binary?

  6. Data Representation ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) is the most widely used coding scheme to represent data

  7. Data Representation

  8. 64 Bit OS vs. a 32 Bit OS Refers to the size of registers used by your CPU Supports more RAM More efficient

  9. Memory Memory consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions, and the results of processing the data

  10. Memory

  11. Memory • Two types of memory • Volatile: Program and data when being processed. Data is lost when power is turned off. • Non-Volatile: Hold configuration information, basic startup instructions.Keeps data even without power.

  12. Storage Capability Capacity - The amount of data, in bytes, the storage can hold Access Time - The amount of time it takes a storage device to locate an item on a storage medium Transfer Rate - The time required to deliver an item to or from storage to the processor.

  13. Storage Capability

  14. Hard Disk Drives Contains one or more inflexible, circular platters that use magnetic particles to store data, instructions, and information

  15. Hard Disk Drives

  16. Hard Disk Drives Circuit board controls the movement of the head Small motor spins the platters Head determines the location of the data (read or write) Head motor moves head to position head over data

  17. Hard Disk Drive A head crash occurs when a read/write head touches the surface of a platter

  18. Hard Disk Drive

  19. Flash Memory Non-Volatile Electronically erased and reprogrammed Stores information in cells that contain 1 bit Lower latency, faster, less noisy, less power consumed, more reliable than hard drives

  20. Solid State Drives Uses Flash Memory

  21. RAM – Random Access Memory Volatile Many times faster than Hard Disk

  22. Cache Used by the CPU to reduce average time to access memory. Smaller and faster than RAM

  23. Speed Differences SSD vs. HDD – 10 times faster

  24. Speed Differences

  25. Cloud Storage Networked online storage Data centers *Amazon, Last week Data is distributed it is stored at more locations

  26. Cloud Storage Not cost efficient for the average computer user More security risks Download and upload rates Companies can go bankrupt or be shut down

  27. Optical Disks and Drives A disk drive that uses laser light or electromagnetic waves within or near the visible light spectrum as part of the process of reading or writing data to or from optical disks Photodiodes detects the light reflection

  28. Read and Write Disks To write to an optical disk, use a laser to melt the crystalline metal alloy Can be melted back

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