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Final Regents Review: The Middle Ages

Final Regents Review: The Middle Ages. By: Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley H.S. Chappaqua, NY. Periodization. Early Middle Ages : 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages : 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages : 1250 - 1500. Europe in the 6c. Charlemagne: 742 to 814. Charlemagne’s Empire.

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Final Regents Review: The Middle Ages

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  1. Final Regents Review: The Middle Ages By: Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley H.S. Chappaqua, NY

  2. Periodization Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500

  3. Europe in the 6c

  4. Charlemagne: 742 to 814

  5. Charlemagne’s Empire

  6. Pope Crowned CharlemagneHoly Roman Emperor: Dec. 25, 800

  7. Charlemagne’s Empire Collapses:Treaty of Verdun, 843

  8. Feudalism A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty and military service.

  9. The Medieval Manor

  10. Life on the Medieval Manor Serfs at work

  11. The Medieval Catholic Church • filled the power vacuum left from the collapse of the classical world. • monasticism: • St. Benedict – Benedictine Rule of poverty, chastity, and obedience. • provided schools for the children of the upper class. • inns, hospitals, refuge in times of war. • libraries & scriptoria to copy books and illuminate manuscripts. • monks  missionaries to the barbarians. [St. Patrick, St. Boniface]

  12. A Medieval Monastery: The Scriptorium

  13. The Power of the Medieval Church • bishops and abbots played a large part in the feudal system. • the church controlled about 1/3 of the land in Western Europe. • tried to curb feudal warfare  only 40 days a year for combat. • curb heresies  crusades; Inquisition • tithe  1/10 tax on your assets given to the church. • Peter’s Pence  1 penny per person [paid by the peasants].

  14. A Medieval Monk’s Day

  15. Illuminated Manuscripts

  16. Romanesque Architectural Style • Rounded Arches. • Barrel vaults. • Thick walls. • Darker, simplistic interiors. • Small windows, usually at the top of the wall.

  17. The Carolingian Renaissance

  18. Carolingian Miniscule

  19. The Rise of European Monarchies: England

  20. Carcassonne: A Medieval Castle

  21. Parts of a Medieval Castle

  22. The Road to Knighthood KNIGHT SQUIRE PAGE

  23. Chivalry: A Code of Honor and Behavior

  24. The "Renaissance" of the 12c

  25. William the Conqueror:Battle of Hastings, 1066(Bayeaux Tapestry)

  26. Evolution of England’s Political System • Henry I: • William’s son. • set up a court system. • Exchequer dept. of royal finances. • Henry II: • established the principle of common law throughout the kingdom. • grand jury. • trial by jury.

  27. Magna Carta, 1215 • King John I • Runnymeade • “Great Charter” • monarchs were not above the law. • kings had to consult a council of advisors. • kings could not tax arbitrarily.

  28. The Beginnings of the British Parliament • Great Council: • middle class merchants, townspeople [burgesses in Eng., bourgeoisie in Fr., burghers in Ger.] were added at the end of the 13c. • eventually called Parliament. • by 1400, two chambers evolved: • House of Lords  nobles & clergy. • House of Commons  knights and burgesses.

  29. The Rise of European Monarchies: France

  30. Gothic Architectural Style • Pointed arches. • High, narrow vaults. • Thinner walls. • Flying buttresses. • Elaborate, ornate, airier interiors. • Stained-glass windows. “Flying” Buttresses

  31. Pope Urban II: Preaching a Crusade

  32. Setting Out on Crusade

  33. Christian Crusades: East and West

  34. Medieval Universities

  35. Oxford University

  36. Late Medieval Town Dwellings

  37. Medieval Trade

  38. Medieval Guilds Guild Hall • Commercial Monopoly: • Controlled membershipapprentice journeyman  master craftsman • Controlled quality of the product [masterpiece]. • Controlled prices

  39. Medieval Guilds: A Goldsmith’s Shop

  40. Crest of a Cooper’s Guild

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