Marital / Gender Roles and Division of Labor

1. Marital / Gender Roles and Division of Labor

2. What stereotype about marriage is portrayed in this cartoon?

3. What does this • picture say about • marital roles??

4. “Jacobsen Martial Roles Scale” Complete the hand-out. Keep it but let me know when you have finished.

5. “Jacobson Marital Roles Scale” Instructions: Give yourself one point each time your answer matches the response listed by the corresponding number below. Example - on question number 1, if you responded A, give yourself one point. If you responded SD, do not give yourself a point. Total your score and circle your rating at the bottom. 1. S.A., A. 7. S.D. 13. S.D., D., U. 2. S.A., A. 8. S.D. 14. S.D., D., U. 3. S.A., A. 9. S.D., D. 15. S.D., D., U. 4. S.A., A., U. 10. S.D., D., U. 16. S.A., A. 5. S.D., D 11. S.D., D. 17. S.D., D. 6. S.D., D. 12. S.D., D. 18. S.D., D., U. METHOD OF RATING 15-18 = extremely equalitarian 11-14 = equalitarian 6-10 = traditional 1- 5 = extremely traditional

6. Being an equalitarian couple does not mean that the couple does everything together or at the same time. The equalitarian philosophy means that the division of labor is equal but is not necessarily traditional. For many years, roles in marriage were defined as “masculine” or “feminine”. That division of labor is what we will cal traditional. In today’s society this means that the division of labor is most often NOT equal. “Equalitarian and Traditional”

7. Discussion of Case Studies: • How do you think these couples would rank on the Jacobson Marital Roles Scale?

8. Discussion of Case Studies: • How do you think these two couples would rank on the Jacobson Marital Roles Scale? • Couple 1? • Couple 2? • Do you think these couples could have happy • marriages? • Do you see any advantages or disadvantages in • these two marriages?

9. At the University of California, Berkley, a study found that the women in senior class had clear-cut expectations for the future. 80% thought a career was very important 97% expected to be marry Most expected to interrupt their careers for a few years to have children What they did not seem to have thought out or discussed with boyfriends was how they would divide the work at home. Is the Division of Roles More Equal Today?

10. What men think on this subject • 13% male seniors expected to be the one who would miss an important meeting at work for a sick child. • Only, 38% expected to share laundry work equally, while 38% expected to share cooking. • Twice as many women senior expected the man they married to share responsibilities.

11. Another study done by Berkeley studied 50 couples in their late 20’s and early 30’s. Their findings included: • Husbands did 1/3 of the household chores, working wives did 2/3 of all the daily jobs. • Men have more control over when they make their contributions. (example, women make dinner, men change the oil; dinner needs to be made every night, where as the oil only needs to be changed every 6 months).

12. “Roles in a Relationship” • What does your future mate feel about roles? • Why is it important to know before marriage?

13. Assignment: Please complete the 5 discussion questions on the back of your case studies hand-out. When complete, please hand in with your finished K.W.L.

14. Make a list of topic that should be discussed before marriage • “10 Points to be discussed before marriage”. • Include good reason why these topics should be discussed before marriage and what problems do you see appearing if not discussed? • Also – Read “Protecting A Marriage” and discuss whether or not the guidelines Norma and her husband have established in their marriage make sense to you. Would you want to establish these same guidelines in your relationship or would you prefer it be left unspoken?

15. Angela and Justin had been married for two years. They both worked full-time and owned their home. They had settled into a regular routine each night. Justin loved to cook and Angela was grateful because she was never really very good at it. Each night Justin would fix dinner while Angela started a batch of wash and then went outside to work in the yard. The out-of-doors was her haven. Pulling weeds, watering, edging and mowing the lawn, and picking fruit from their trees were things she really enjoyed. After supper Justin cleaned up the kitchen while Angela vacuumed and straightened the house. Then they both folded laundry while watching a favorite TV show.

16. -Is this marriage equalitarian or traditional? -How do you think this couple decided who would do the different jobs? -How do you feel about dividing roles in this manner rather than in the traditional masculine/feminine manner? -Is there anything wrong with dividing roles this way? -Do you think Justin and Angela had to compromise and do jobs they did not like? -Do you know young couples today who have a very traditional marriage role division? -Do you think equalitarian or traditional marriages are stronger? -Which do you think will last the longer?

17. THE SETTLERS George and Lilly had come West to settle in a valley with George's brother. They had finished their cabin and the farm was coming along fine. George and Lilly woke early and began their daily routine. George chopped the wood and started the fire, then did a few chores while Lilly prepared a hearty breakfast and got the children up. After eating, George left for the farm and Lilly went out to feed the chickens and gather some eggs so she could begin the preparation of lunch. Today she would be doing the wash. She needed to get the children out to play and have lunch out of the way early, so the afternoon would be free. After lunch, George hauled in some extra wood and water then he was off to the farm again. He and his brother were building a barn for the animals. Lilly got lunch cleaned up and put the children down to nap. She got the washboard out and began the wash. Once the wash was finished and hung out to dry the children were awake and they all walked into town to get some sugar and other supplies. At supper George talked about the trouble they were having getting one wall straight and Lilly expressed concern over the price of sugar. How could they afford to get the bottling done for winter? While Lilly cleaned up supper, George secured all the animals for the night, and brought in more wood and water. Lilly read a story to the children by the light of the lantern.

18. -Is this a traditional or equalitarian marriage? -When does the workday begin and end for George and Lily? -What are some drawbacks to this style of marriage and family life? -When did the division of roles begin to change?