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Newton’s First and Second Laws of Motion

Learn about Newton's first and second laws of motion, where he corrected misconceptions about force and motion. Explore concepts such as inertia, acceleration, weight, and mass. Discover how these laws impact everyday objects and activities.

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Newton’s First and Second Laws of Motion

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  1. Newton’s First and Second Laws of Motion 12.2

  2. I. Scientists • Aristotle, Galileo and Newton all worked on concepts of force and motion • Aristotle- incorrectly proposed that force is required to keep an object moving at constant speed, this error held back progress in the study of motion for almost two thousand years.

  3. Galileo- helped correct misconceptions about force and motion • Concluded that moving objects not subjected to friction or any other force would continue to move indefinitely • Newton- built on the work of Galileo and defined force and mass. He introduced his laws of motion in Principia- his book

  4. II. Newton’s First Law • The state of motion of an object does not change as long as the net force acting on the object is zero • An object at rest remains at rest unless an unblanced force acts on it • ex: kicking a soccer ball • Inertia- the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion

  5. Upon impact, the test dummy continues forward until it hits something – inertia

  6. III. Newton’s Second Lawacceleration = net force = F mass m • The acceleration of an object is equal to the net force acting on it divided by the object’s mass • Ex: the more force you apply to throwing a ball the more the ball accelerates • This law also works on forces in opposite directions • Ex: seatbelts in cars- explain pg 367 Math Practice #1-3

  7. IV. Weight and Mass • Weight- the force of gravity acting on an object Weight = mass x acceleration due to gravity (9.8m/s2) • mass is a measure of the inertia of an object; weight is a measure of the force of gravity acting on an object

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