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Some Topics in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collision

Explore theoretical overview and key phenomena in ultra-relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions, from gluon saturation to perfect liquid properties of sQGP. Unveil the mysteries of collective behavior, jet energy loss, and thermodynamics in QCD systems.

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Some Topics in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collision

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  1. Some Topics in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collision Su Houng Lee Yonsei Univ., Korea • J. P. Blaizot • J. Kapusta • U. A. Wiedemann

  2. J.P. Blaizot Theoretical overview Towards understanding the quark gluon plasma

  3. Some form of a quark-gluon plasma is produced in ultra-relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions Large energy density achieved Collective behaviour observed Jet energy loss in matter Hints of gluon saturation « Perfect liquid », « sQGP »

  4. Thermodynamical functions go to SB limit as T becomes large Pressure SB Resummed Pert. Th. (SU(3) lattice gauge calculation from Karsch et al, hep-lat/0106019)

  5. Resummed perturbation Guage dependent Internal loop momenta “p” • If the internal loop p is • Hard (T) : normal perturbation • Soft (gT): resummed propagator and vertex

  6. The infrared behavior strongly depends on the external momenta “k”

  7. Saturation

  8. Saturation formula The growth of the gluon density is governed by non linear evolution equations and eventually « saturates » Whether a parton is in the saturated regime or not depends on its (transverse) momentum (saturated regime) (dilute regime) Effective number of gluons= xG (1/Q)^2 For large nucleus G=O(A) R= O(A^1/3)

  9. Early stage of nucleus-nucleus collisions Conventional picture (mean field): Qs sets the scale at Which partons are set free, as well as their typical transverse momentum Role of fluctuations of Qs ? Anisotropy of initial momentum distributions may lead to plasma instabilities. Role in thermalization ?

  10. J. KapustaTheoretical overview Strongly Interacting Low Viscosity Matter Created in Heavy Ion Collisions

  11. Big Theoretical Motivation! Kovtun, Son, Starinets PRL 94, 111601 (2005) Viscosity in Strongly Interacting Quantum Field Theories from Black Hole Physics Using the Kuboformula the low energy absorption cross section for gravitons on black holes, and the black hole entropy formula they found that and conjectured that this is a universal lower bound.

  12. Atomic and Molecular Systems In classical transport theory and so that as the density and/or cross section is reduced (dilute gas limit) the ratio gets larger. In a liquid the particles are strongly correlated. Momentum transport can be thought of as being carried by voids instead of by particles (Enskog) and the ratio gets larger.

  13. NIST data

  14. 2D Yukawa Systems in the Liquid State Applications to dusty-plasmas and many other 2D condensed matter systems. Liu & Goree

  15. Relativistic Dissipative Fluid Dynamics In the Landau-Lifshitz approach u is the velocity of energy transport.

  16. Viscosity smoothes out gradients in temperature, velocity, pressure, etc. Viscous Heating of Expanding Fireballs JK, PRC 24, 2545 (1981)

  17. U. A. Wiedemann Physics opportunities at the LHC

  18. Some famous result for QCD

  19. The probability to radiate a gluon The probability to radiate a gluon is inversely proportional to its virtuality For same energy loss, minium virtuality is larger  dead cone

  20. Some form of a quark-gluon plasma is produced in ultra-relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions Large energy density achieved Collective behaviour observed Jet energy loss in matter Hints of gluon saturation « Perfect liquid », « sQGP »

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