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21-1 Creating and Measuring Electric Fields

21-1 Creating and Measuring Electric Fields. Electric Field. Vector quantity that relates the force exerted on a test charge to the size the test charge Electric charge , q, produces an electric field that is measureable Field Strength: Stronger the force, stronger the field

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21-1 Creating and Measuring Electric Fields

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  1. 21-1 Creating and Measuring Electric Fields

  2. Electric Field • Vector quantity that relates the force exerted on a test charge to the size the test charge • Electric charge ,q, produces an electric field that is measureable • Field Strength: Stronger the force, stronger the field • Field Directions: Away from (+), towards (-)

  3. Equation • E = F on q’ q’ • F = force measured in Newtons (N) • q = charge in Coulombs (C) • E = Field Strength in Newton/Coulombs (N/C).

  4. Example • If a 10 C charge were placed in an electric field of strength 10 N/C, what force would it experience? • E = F/q 10 C x 10 N/C = 100 N

  5. Example • An electric field is to be measured using a positive test charge of 4.0 x 10-5 C. This test charge experiences a force of 0.60 N acting at an angle of 10o. What is the magnitude and direction of the electric field at the location of the test charge? • Known: Unknown • q = +4.0 x 10-5 C E = ??? At 10o • F = 0.60 N at 10o

  6. E = F / q • 0.60 N / 4.0 x 10-5 C • E = 1.5 x 104 N/C at 10o

  7. Electric Field Lines • Strength of field is shown by spacing of lines • Closer together  strong • Far apart  weak • As previously shown, positive outward, negative inward

  8. Electric Fields: 2 or more charges • When there are two or more, the field is the vector sum from individual charges • Lines become more curved • Lines will leave a positive charge and enter a negative charge

  9. Electric Field Lines • Also called lines of force. • Lines are vector quantity with longer vectors from stronger fields. • Lines are spaced closer together where the field is stronger. • Lines go to infinity. • With two or more opposite charges, the lines start at the (+) and go to the (-).

  10. Van de Graff machine • Transfers large amounts of charge from one part of the machine to the top meal terminal • Person touches it becomes charged electrically and the charges repel *stands hair up*

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