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Prepared By:. Alcohol. Alcohol  is an  organic compound in which the hydroxyl functional group (-OH) is bound to a carbon atom. In particular, this carbon center should be saturated, having single bonds to three other atoms. Structural Formula. Raw material.

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Prepared By:

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  1. Prepared By:

  2. Alcohol Alcohol is an organic compound in which the hydroxyl functional group (-OH) is bound to a carbon atom. In particular, this carbon center should be saturated, having single bonds to three other atoms.

  3. Structural Formula

  4. Raw material Molasses are one of the commonest raw materials used in the manufacture of alcohol. This is because they are cheap and readily available in large quantities.

  5. Chemical Reaction C12H22O11 C6H12O6+C6H12O6 C6H12O6 2C2H5OH+2CO2 Side reaction: C6H12O6+H2O C2H5OH+2CO2+CH3COOH+C3H5(OH)3 Reaction for Ethanol: C6H12O6 2CH3COH+2CO2+4H CH3COH+2H C2H5OH

  6. Main Steps • Dilution of molasses • Sterilization • Cooling • Distillation

  7. Detail Dilution of molasses In this section the molasses are diluted with the help of water to reduce its concentration till 17 %. The process of diluting molasses is known as mash . This mash sent to the next section.

  8. Sterilization In this section, Mash is heated 120 ⁰C & to sterilize mash high temperature steam is used. Unwanted micro-organisms are removed through sterilization. After sterilization it is send to the next section.

  9. Fermentation Mash is pump to large stainless steel tank, it is a closed vessel. The capacity of vessel is about 50,000-60,000 gallons. To control pH some amount of sulphuric acid is added in it so that pH will remain maintain (4.8-5.0). Yeast is enter to tank, in starting few hours yeast cells increases rapidly. In this process temperature controlled is 70-75⁰F.

  10. Cont... Total time of fermentation is 40-72 hours. When fermentation is completed, product obtained is beer & Co₂ released.

  11. Uses • Ethanol can be used as a fuel. • Ethanol can also be used as Rocket fuel. • Ethanol can be used as alcoholic beverages. • It can be used as an antiseptic. • Ethanol is easily miscible in water and is a good solvent. • Ethanol is less polar than water and is used in perfumes, paints.

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