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Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School

Discover the varying computer types, their sizes, and functions in organizations versus individual use. Compare mainframes, supercomputers, handheld devices, and more. Understand how organizations utilize mainframes, while individuals may prefer smartphones and tablets. Learn about the power and capabilities of supercomputers for complex tasks such as weather forecasting and nuclear reaction modeling. Delve into the realm of minicomputers and their role between mainframes and microcomputers. Explore the unique computing needs of companies and large organizations.

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Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School

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  1. Part 2, Computing FundamentalsChapter 2, Understanding ComputersLesson 2-3, Group and Individual Computing Robert Crawford, MBA West Middle School

  2. UNIT O BJECTIVES • Compare and contrast different kinds of computers used in organizations. • Compare and contrast different kinds of computes used by individuals. Essential Question How do the computers used by organizations and the computers used by individuals differ?

  3. KEY TERMS • Desktop Computer • Handheld Computer • Mainframe • Netbook • Server • Smart Phone • Supercomputer • Tablet Computer

  4. A Dizzying Variety • Computers come in sizes from the size of a wristwatch to the size of a large buildings. • Each size of computer is suited to different tasks

  5. A Dizzying Variety • Computers come in sizes from the size of a wristwatch to the size of a large buildings. • Each size of computer is suited to different tasks • We will look at computers in two groups

  6. A Dizzying Variety • Computers come in sizes from the size of a wristwatch to the size of a large buildings. • Each size of computer is suited to different tasks • We will look at computers in two groups • Those used by organizations • Those used by individuals

  7. Computers for Organizations

  8. Computers for Organizations • Companies and organizations use a full range of computers, from the largest to the smallest.

  9. Computers for Organizations • Companies and organizations use a full range of computers, from the largest to the smallest. • Some applications will call for the largest, fastest, machines made • While other applications will call for small, portable computers

  10. Computers for Organizations • Companies and organizations use a full range of computers, from the largest to the smallest. • Some applications will call for the largest, fastest, machines made • While other applications will call for small, portable computers • However, some computers are unique in that they are primarily used by companies and organizations.

  11. Computers for Organizations • Companies and organizations use a full range of computers, from the largest to the smallest. • Some applications will call for the largest, fastest, machines made • While other applications will call for small, portable computers • However, some computers are unique in that they are primarily used by companies and organizations. • Supercomputers • Mainframes • Minicomputers • Servers

  12. Supercomputers • The largest and most powerful computers can process huge amounts of information quickly. • These large computers are called supercomputers Blue Mountain supercomputer facility at the Los Alamos National Laboratory in 2001. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Mountain_(supercomputer)

  13. Supercomputers • The largest and most powerful computers can process huge amounts of information quickly. • These large computers are called supercomputers • Supercomputers are suitable for large and complex computing tasks, such as: • Forecasting the weather and • Detailed models of nuclear reactions • Typically a Supercomputer can perform calculations that would take years, on other high performance computers, in a matter of hours. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Mountain_(supercomputer)

  14. Supercomputers • The largest and most powerful computers can process huge amounts of information quickly. • These large computers are called supercomputers • Supercomputers are not only the largest and most complex computers, they are also the most expensive (from $500K to over $60M) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Mountain_(supercomputer)

  15. Supercomputers • The largest and most powerful computers can process huge amounts of information quickly. • These large computes are called supercomputers • Supercomputers are not only the largest and most complex computers, they are also the most expensive (from $500K to over $60M) • They are also extremely reliable and work with constant heavy workloads. • However, due to the high cost and maintenance requirements, few organizations have supercomputers http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Mountain_(supercomputer)

  16. Mainframes • Mainframes are another type of computer used, primarily, by government agencies and large organizations.

  17. Mainframes • Mainframes are another type of computer used, primarily, by government agencies and large organizations. • The Mainframe allows many people to use the same secure data at the same time. • People access Mainframes using Terminals • Terminals provide access to a mainframe or mincomputer

  18. Mainframes • Mainframes are another type of computer used, primarily, by government agencies and large organizations. • The Mainframe allows many people to use the same secure data at the same time. • Mainframes offer: • Data security • Data Reliability • Data Sharing

  19. Minicomputers • Minicomputers are between the mainframe and the microcomputer. • In many cases they have replaced the mainframes

  20. Minicomputers • Minicomputers are between the mainframe and the microcomputer. • In many cases they have replaced the mainframes • However, minicomputers typically have less: • Processing power • Reliability • Manufacturer Support Than Mainframes.

  21. So far we have looked at large institutional computers • Supercomputers • Mainframes • Minicomputers • Now we will look at servers • You will primarily interact with servers in your networking environments • With Supercomputers, Mainframes, and Minicomputers the bulk of the application resides on the host, not on the terminal. • In Client-Server environments the bulk of the application resides on the client (computer).

  22. Servers • Most organizations connect their computers together in a network. • This allows them to share resources and information

  23. Servers • Most organizations connect their computers together in a network. • This allows them to share resources and information • The server holds: • Data • Applications

  24. Servers • Most organizations connect their computers together in a network. • This allows them to share resources and information • The server holds: • Data • Applications • Unlike mainframe and Minicomputer environments: • The clients also: • Hold information • Run programs

  25. Servers • The server holds: • Data • Applications • Unlike mainframe and Minicomputer environments: • The clients also: • Hold information • Run programs • This can lead to • Increased cost • Security problems • Reliability problems

  26. Computers for Individuals Most individuals do not need to procession power that large organizations do. They typically purchase one of four type of computers:

  27. Workstations: • Workstations no longer look significantly different from regular microcomputers (Now would be a good time to define microcomputers : Microcomputers are typically small computers intended to support a single user.)

  28. Workstations: • Workstations no longer look significantly different from regular microcomputers • However Workstations are typically more powerful and are used by: • Engineers • Architects • Designers • And other who work with large amounts of data.

  29. Desktop computers • The computers that most people use to do everyday jobs, and at home, are desktop computers. These are often called personal computers, or PCs’. • The PC was the name of the first microcomputer sold by IBM.

  30. Desktop computers • The computers that most people use to do everyday jobs, and at home, are desktop computers. These are often called personal computers, or PCs’. • The PC was the name of the first microcomputer sold by IBM. • IBM initially estimated that the total world wide demand for microcomputers would be about 600,000 units. • 76,600,000 microcomputers were sold in the first four months of 2014.

  31. Portable Computers • Computes that can be easily moved include: • Laptop computers • Net books • Less powerful • Lighter • Smaller • Less expensive • Tablet Computers • Screen also serves as the primary source of manual input

  32. Handheld computers • The smartphone is a handheld computer. • They were preceded by the Personal Digital Assistant (PDA). • The PDA shared information with an individuals microcomputer through “syncing” (synchronizing). • In its initial days it was revolutionary because it allowed access to information on the computer while away from the computer.

  33. Handheld computers • The smartphone is a handheld computer. • They were preceded by the Personal Digital Assistant (PDA). • PDAs’ are still in use in many industrial environments; however, they have become much more specialized. • Specialized computer – a computer that has been made to perform a single, or small number of similar, task.

  34. UNIT O BJECTIVES • Compare and contrast different kinds of computers used in organizations. • Name two types of computers used by organizations' • Identify two features of these computers. • Compare and contrast different kinds of computes used by individuals.

  35. UNIT O BJECTIVES • Compare and contrast different kinds of computers used in organizations. • Compare and contrast different kinds of computes used by individuals. • Name two types of computers used by individuals' • Identify two features of these computers.

  36. KEY TERMS • Desktop Computer • Handheld Computer • Mainframe • Netbook • Server • Smart Phone • Supercomputer • Tablet Computer

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