NORWAY

1. NORWAY

2. Tidal Current Technologies • Company/Organization – Hammerfest Strom AS • Technology/Plant Name - Hammerfest - Turbine • Technology Genre - Horizontal Axis Turbine • Power take-off system – Unspecified Generator Hammerfest Strom UK (HSUK) is a tidal water energy technology company. The company’s objective is to be the leading technology provider of turn-key tidal power devices for the commercial market, through a non-exclusive right of use of the parent company’s present and future technology. The parent company, Hammerfest Strom AS (HSAS) is a Norwegian tidal water energy technology company established in 1997. The Company has since its inception been engaged in research and development of state-of-the-art tidal energy technology, and has obtained patents and rights to commercial use by delivering turn-key stream turbines. HSAS has successfully designed, manufactured, assembled and tested a 300KW prototype tidal energy turbine. The technology invented by Hammerfest Strom has received international attention, and it is regarded as one of the leading technologies in its field. The tidal energy device has been extensively tested at 300kW scale in the coastline off northern Norway. The underwater wind turbine technology is the world’s first of its kind and has delivered electricity to the Norwegian transmission grid network for almost four years. The units are mounted on the sea bed and aligned to the tidal flow. The pitching mechanism enables the blades to be angled automatically to maximise energy yield from the ebb and flow of the tidal waters.

3. Tidal Current Technologies The Hammerfest Strøm technology is developed from long experience of modern technology used in wind mills, subsea oil & gas production and in hydro-power plants. The technology has been thoroughly tested and has experienced regularity in delivering electricity to the power grid.

4. Tidal Current Technologies • The water current is driving the turbine. The power is optimised by regulating the pitch of the blades. • The power is converted to electricity in the nacelle (production module) The nacelle contains control system, gear box and generator. • The electrical power is transmitted onshore by means of a subsea cable. Renewable energy is becoming an increasingly important energy source. Renewable energy sources include wind, wave, tidal, hydro and solar power among others. Tidal power has a significant advantage over most of the others in that it is predictable. Due to the link with the lunar cycle the tidal currents can be predicted years in advance. It is reasons to believe that tidal power will be a significant part of the renewable energy mix. Some benefits of tidal power: Predictable electricity generation due to the predictable energy source No visual or audible pollution above the surface due to subsea installation using HS technology Free resources, with a high power potential globally

5. Tidal Current Technologies • Company/Organization – Statkraft, Hydra Tidal Energy Technology (HTET) • Technology/Plant Name - Statkraft Tidal Turbine • Technology Genre - Horizontal Axis Turbine • Power take-off system – Unspecified The Norwegian company Statkraft has plans to develop a tidal project outside Tromsø through the company Hydra Tidal Energy Technology (HTET). Their concept is based on a floating, moored steel structure and produces electric power by flood tide running several large turbines. Turbines and generators will be below the water surface, but can easily be brought up to the surface for maintenance. Since the tidal power plant floats on the water, there are no large permanent encroachments upon the seabed, and the project will then have limited environmental impact. The entire plant with the corresponding anchor can easily be moved or removed. The prototype’s turbines are counter-rotating propellers with three blades, with a propeller diameter of 22 metre. Nominal output per floating unit will be approximately 1 MW. They will be able to produce approximately 3.6 GWh/year.

6. Tidal Current Technologies The twin turbines submerged under a floating anchored steel supporting structure - 40 metres long by 15 metres wide on the sea surface - are to work by using tidal water movements to provide 3 to 5 GWh of electricity per year. The two turbines are 0.5 MW each, with rotor diameter of 22 metre. The anchor system to the sea bed allows the 270 tonne structure to rise and fall with the tide. The height above water level is given as 7.2m and minimum depth of the rotors as 2m.

7. Ocean Wave Technologies • Company/Organization – Kværner Brug’s OWC plant at Toftestallen • Technology/Plant Name - KværnerBrug’s • Technology Genre - OWC - Onshore • Power take-off system – Air Turbine

8. Ocean Wave Technologies • Company/Organization – Fred Olsen Ltd • Technology/Plant Name - FO3 • Technology Genre - Absorber – Multi Point • Power take-off system – Pressurized Hydraulics The wave energy converter FO3 has a “robust floating platform with oscillating point absorbers” producing electricity from wave movements. 3B’s Advantex™ boron-free E-glass fibre and HiPer-tex™ high-performance glass fibre are being qualified for the project. These composite materials are said to offer long-term resistance to corrosion, fatigue and the continuous impact and slamming of waves, extreme weather and climate, as well as requiring low maintenance.

9. NORWAY Made By – • Himanshu – IX-B • Tejbir – IX-B • Lovish – IX-B • Mukesh – IX-B • Sardeep – IX-B