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Chapter 8

Chapter 8. C - spine. Spinal Curvatures. Normal curvatures _______________ _______________ Abnormal curvatures _______ exaggerated concavity (Swayback) _______exaggerated convexity (Humpback) _______ exaggerated lateral curvature. Vertebral Anatomy. ___________

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Chapter 8

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  1. Chapter 8 C - spine

  2. Spinal Curvatures • Normal curvatures • _______________ • _______________ • Abnormal curvatures • _______ exaggerated concavity (Swayback) • _______exaggerated convexity (Humpback) • _______ exaggerated lateral curvature

  3. Vertebral Anatomy • ___________ – Thick rounded area. • ___________ – Posterior arch of bony projections

  4. Axial View • ______________ – Opening for spinal cord • ____________ – Posterior protrusions from body • ___________ – Posterior portion of arch off of pedicle meets midline

  5. Axial View • ______________ – Lateral projections • _____________ – Most posterior protrusions midline

  6. Lateral View • Body – Thick _________ portion • Pedicle – __________ to body • Laminae – _________ to transverse process/pedicle

  7. Lateral View • Transverse Process – Termination of ___________ • Spinous process – Posterior termination __________ • _________________articular process – Superior and inferior projections

  8. Vertebral Joints • _______________ (Apophyseal, Facet) – Superior and inferior articular process • ______________ – Area of disks. • Disks • ______________(outer borders). • ______________(Inner material). • HNP

  9. Intervertebral Foramina • Hole formed by ________________ • Superior and Inferior ____________ • Space for _______________vessels to pass

  10. C-spine Variations • __________________ • Hole in transverse process for vertebral artery/veins/nerves • ___________ spinous process – Split spinous process on ________

  11. C-spine Variations • Zygapophyseal joints - __________seen on lat. ____ seen on _____ • Articular pillars • Lateral Masses

  12. C-spine Intervertebral foramina • _______angle from mid sagittal • _________ inferior angle • Important to know for __________ imaging

  13. C1 • __________ • Skull rests on ____________Facets • Atlantooccipital articulation • _________ arch with tubercle • _________ arch with tubercle

  14. C2 • __________ • ____________(Dens) • Resting posterior to the anterior arch of C1 • Pivot for rotating head

  15. Imaging the C-Spine Routine • AP 40”SID • AP Open Mouth 40” SID • Lt Lateral 60-72”SID • RPO/RAO 60-72” SID • LPO/LAO 60-72”SID • 75-80 kV

  16. AP C-Spine • Supine or Erect • Slightly __________ • ________________angle • CR mid-sagittal • Level of thyroid cartilage ________ • C3-7 seen well • Collimate to _________

  17. AP Open Mouth • For ______________view • Have pt__________ • Align top ___________surface is in line with _____________ • CR through mouth

  18. Open Mouth • Collimate to outer edges of mouth • Shows ________________of ____ • Dens

  19. RPO/LPO • Place pt in ___________ • Angle tube ___________ • CR to the level of C4 • Shows intervertebral foramina _____________ from IR

  20. RAO/LAO • Pt in __________ • ____________angle • CR to the level of C4 • Shows intervertebral foramina __________

  21. Lateral C-Spine • Erect or X-table • SID ___________ • _________ shoulders with pt straight • Slightly extend chin • CR to thyroid cartilage (C4-6) • Must visualize ___________

  22. X-Table • If pt presents with a C-spine collar • _____________ • __________________________ • Collar must be __________

  23. Swimmers • If ___________not on Lateral • Place pt in lateral • Arm closest to ____________head • Arm farthest from ____________ • CR __________jugular notch • May put slight _________ angle if needed.

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