Mobile Learning: Challenges and Opportunities in K-12 Education

1. Mobile Learning:Challenges and Opportunities in K-12Education Phyllis H. Hillwig, Ed.D. Words & Numbers

2. A Bit About Me I’m not: • a mobile learning expert • a programmer or engineer • a technology product provider • an educational psychologist I am: • an educator • a business person • a parent • a technology consumer • a believer

3. One Step Ahead. Educational Content Services. My Company Has Done Work With….

4. Personal Experiences

5. Opportunities

6. What Do They Think? 299,677 K-12 Students 38,642 teachers 26,312 parents

7. The Student

8. What types of devices to students have access to? Source: Speak Up 2009: Creating Our Future: Students Speak Up about their vision for 21st Learning

9. If allowed, how would students use a mobile device to help with schoolwork? Source: Speak Up 2009: Creating Our Future: Students Speak Up about their vision for 21st Learning

10. If allowed, how would students use a mobile device to help with schoolwork? Source: Speak Up 2009: Creating Our Future: Students Speak Up about their vision for 21st Learning

11. The Parent

12. Parents’ Views Source: Speak Up 2009: Creating Our Future: Students Speak Up about their vision for 21st Learning

13. If your child’s school allowed the use of mobile devices for educational purposes, how likely would you be to provide one for your child? Source: Speak Up 2009: Creating Our Future: Students Speak Up about their vision for 21st Learning

14. A Few Case Studies

15. In the US 2,500 Middle School Students Will Receive Free Cell Phones and Earn Minutes and Text Messages through Achievement in School Using Cell Phones to raise 9th Grade Math scores ACU has K-12 Prof Dev Initiative to potentially help 20 million students Augmented Reality games on Handhelds and using GPS technology Sesame Street has several projects (Podcasts, Pockets of Potential Report)

16. Leverage Lessons Around The World ASIA • Korea - emphasis on mobile learning nationwide • Taiwan – strong infrastructure, lots of research • Japan – strong infrastructure, lots of research EUROPE • UK - Clear leader in elementary and secondary schools with funds and government support • European Union – Funded mobile learning projects

17. And More… MILLEE (Mobile Learning for Literacy in Emerging Economies) – Develops mobile games for teaching literacy to children in India UNIVA (University Village Association) – Using cell phones to teach literacy and numeracy

18. CTAD Impatica Zirada Kallisto Some Examples of “Mobile Technology Tools” Where do you begin??

19. Companies Transforming Content Development and Delivery

20. Something Fun.. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EhkxDIr0y2U

21. And Then There’s.. • iPhones sold since launch in 2007 to date: 51.15 million • 35 million iPod Touches • 185,000 applications in app store • 4 billion downloads • 1,000 educational apps Source: http://gorumors.com/crunchies/how-many-iphones-have-been-sold-to-date/

22. And Now…. • The iPad • 8.25 million sold in 2010 • Truly effective and engaging e-book experience • Publishers developing educational applications

23. http://www.apple.com/education/ipodtouch-iphone/

24. A Few Recommended Apps Sources: https://www.ischoolinitiative.com/Educational_Applications.html http://www.eduinreview.com/blog/2009/05/8-must-have-education-apps-for-iphone/

25. Example: WildLab Features include: 1.) A map, with both user and eBird hotspots. 2.) A quick entry view to enter birds you already know; from this page you can enter any of 2055 species of birds. 3.) Facebook Connect to share sightings with others through your social network. 4.) Twitter integration, creating a real-time database of sightings tagged with #wildlab. 5.) Built-in email functionality to share your sightings with birding groups and listserves. 6.) The ability to create Events and have others join them for collaborative birding. 7.) A sightings list, so if there is loss of service, users can upload the sighting later.

26. Example: Simple user interface* Import right from the camera or photo library* Paintbrush, eraser, rectangle, filled rectangle, oval, and filled oval tools* Select tool - double tap to select all* Text tool - annotate your photos and drawings* Many preselected colors to choose from * Adjustable drawing width* Cut, copy, paste, and delete* Undo function* Duplicate frames* Scroll through frames or view as grid http://www.goknow.com/

27. Summary • http://newlearninginstitute.org/21stcenturyeducation/21st-century-learning/educating-the-mobile-generation.html

28. Summary of Opportunities • The market is there and ready. • There are a lot of good case studies, examples, • and lessons learned. • There are opportunities to define new learning. • Affordable • Technology advancements

29. Challenges

30. What Exactly Is A Mobile Device?

31. Lots of Choices Physical limitations and diversity

32. The Teacher

33. Teachers’ Views Source: Speak Up 2009: Creating Our Future: Students Speak Up about their vision for 21st Learning

34. Larger Issues Health Debates • Can phones cause brain damage? • Safety • Who are students connecting with? • What are they doing on the • phone? • Who is using or has access to the data? • Ethical • Is it easier to cheat with mobile? • Do kids with better phones have • an academic advantage?

35. Reality Check • Are these issues unique to Mobile, or are they simply realities of today’s world? • Do the benefits of mobile outweigh the risks? • How can we proceed with caution?

36. Is there a Pedagogy Specifically for Mobile Learning?

37. No (At least, as of November 15, 2010)

38. Uniqueness of Mobile Learning • Personal • Informal and formal learning • Dynamic context of content • Social and constructive • User-driven/Self Directed • Ubiquity • Mobility SOURCE: J. Taylor, M. Sharples, et al. Towards a task model for mobile learning: a dialectical approach

39. Learning Spectrum Formal Self -Directed Informal

40. Let’s Talk About Learning

41. Pedagogical Perspectives of Mobile Learning Behaviourist – Stimulus and Response Multiple Choice Questions with Feedback General Practice Quizzes and Tests Language learning SOURCE: NESTA Futurelab Series Report 11: Literature review in mobile technologies and learning

42. Pedagogical Perspectives of Mobile Learning Constructivist – Construct new ideas based on previous experience Games and Simulations Mobile tools have facilitated the collection of data that can be analyzed and shared SOURCE: NESTA Futurelab Series Report 11: Literature review in mobile technologies and learning

43. Pedagogical Perspectives of Mobile Learning Situated Learning – Immersion in a situation, where experts and apprentices work together Use devices to take photos, write notes, upload, and share data with others SOURCE: NESTA Futurelab Series Report 11: Literature review in mobile technologies and learning

44. Pedagogical Perspectives of Mobile Learning Problem-Based Learning – Provide an ill-defined problem and allow students to explore. Case Studies in medical education, business training, nursing, Army training, etc SOURCE: NESTA Futurelab Series Report 11: Literature review in mobile technologies and learning

45. Pedagogical Perspectives of Mobile Learning Others…. • Context Awareness Learning – multimedia in museums and galleries • Social-Cultural Theory of Learning – learning takes place in social context • Collaborative Learning – sharing of information in group settings • Conversational Learning – conversations with others and interactions with systems • Activity Learning – Activity, subject, and tools used SOURCE: NESTA Futurelab Series Report 11: Literature review in mobile technologies and learning, Taylor, J. Pedagogy in the mobile learning environment. The Open University

46. Some Examples

47. Virtual School Apps

48. Virtual Coaches • Applications to Education? • Knows where you are • Can set personal goals • Customizable Information • Communicate with the larger group • Can set training based on a personal or group need • Functionalities • GPS Technology • Heart Rate • Multiple Displays of Information • Custom and “Best Practices Training • Compare results to others

49. Virtual Adventures • Applications to Education? • Students are given various missions based on location and skill level • Students find, calculate, and process data • Students in control of learning Functionalities • Mission is to solve mysteries • Students work together using clues from mobile devices • Enter data from field and information gets processed for next clues • Students control next move

50. Nugget Supporters • Anagram for “Look”, UK-based organization • Provide Access to Every Object in Every Venue • Allows for uploading content from various sources (museums, zoos, gardens, historical sites) • Share and create presentations and stories • Works with schools and school partners • iPhone and other smart phones, More than 1,100 schools are already enjoying the benefits!