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Unit 11: Solutions

Unit 11: Solutions. Day 3 – Solubility Curves. Objectives. 1. I can define solubility, unsaturated, saturated and and supersaturated and determine if a solution either of the above by writing the definitions and reading a solubility graph.

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Unit 11: Solutions

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  1. Unit 11: Solutions Day 3 – Solubility Curves

  2. Objectives • 1. I can define solubility, unsaturated, saturated and and supersaturated and determine if a solution either of the above by writing the definitions and reading a solubility graph. • 2. I can distinguish and understand the factors that effect solubiltity. • Temp., surface area, and aggitation

  3. Factors affecting solubility Solubility-the amount of a substance required to form a saturated solution with a specific amount of solvent at a specific temp. • ex: the solubility of sugar in water is 204 g/100 ml of water at 20oC.

  4. The Solution Process • Consider a sugar solute with a solubility (s) of 204 g per 100ml water. The volume in the diagram is 50 mL.  80g/50ml 102 g/50ml 120g/50ml

  5. The Solution Process 1) Unsaturated solution- a solution that contains lesssolute than a saturated solution (solubility=204g/100ml) 80g/50ml 102 g/50ml 120g/50ml 140g/100ml 204 g/100ml 240g/100ml

  6. The Solution Process 2) Saturated solution- a solution that contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute(solubility=204g/100ml) 80g/50ml 102 g/50ml 120g/50ml 140g/100ml 204 g/100ml 240g/100ml

  7. The Solution Process 3) Supersaturated solution- a solution that contains more solute than a saturated solution at the same conditions (solubility=204g/100ml) Supersaturated Solution - YouTube 80g/50ml 102 g/50ml 120g/50ml 140g/100ml 204 g/100ml 240g/100ml

  8. Solubility Curve A graph that indicates how likely a solute is to dissolve in a solvent at any given temperature. #g solute/100 g solvent Label the Y axis with “solubility”

  9. Factors affecting solubility • Nature of solute/solvent (polarity) • PRESSURE • only affects the solubility of gases. pressure, increased solubility (soda) pressure, decreased solubility(fizz) • Solubility of liquids and solids is not changed by changes in pressure.

  10. FYI… Henry’s Law states that the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas on the surface of the liquid. When a soda fizzes and rapidly releases gas its called effervescence.

  11. 3. TEMPERATURE • Increased temp of solids solubility • Increased temp of gases solubility GASES SOLIDS

  12. Label: Unsaturated NaNO3 Saturated NaNO3 Supersaturated NaNO3 Where is solubility the same? Where is the gas?

  13. Now you try!

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