Presentation Transcript

1. Unit III: Macroeconomics Institutions

   pp. 190-328
2. Chapter 8 Employment, Labor, Wages Section 1 p. 192 Terms: Macroeconomics 193 study of the entire economy Employment/labor Gross domestic product Inflation Economic growth Distribution of income
3. Civilian labor force 193 men and women 16 years old or more Working Actively seeking work Does not include: Military Prisoners Institutionalized people
4. Craft/trade union 195 an association of skilled workers Perform the same type of work Ex: Cigar Makers’ Union Printers’ Union Electricians’ Union Machinists’ Union Carpenters’ Union Plumbers’ Union
5. Industrial Union 195 all workers in the same industry Regardless of type of work/skills in that industry Ex: Steel Textile Auto
6. Strike 195 workers refuse to work because their bosses will not agree to demands: Better pay Better hours Better working conditions Picket 195 striking workers and supporters parade in front of their company, protesting company’s unfairness. Boycott 195 workers and supporters refuse to buy products from a targeted company Lost business will hurt the company.
7. Lockout 195 company will fight a union by refusing to let employees work Until management’s demands are met Ex: the National Basketball Association in the 1998–99 season the National Hockey League in the 1994–95 and 2004–05 seasons.
8. Company union 195 organized by a business to stop outside union from influencing workers Will give many of the same benefits only if workers join the company union Hardest pressure on new workers.
9. Right-to-work law 197 state legislation making it illegal to force workers to join a union as a condition of employment.
10. Independent union 199 Unions that do not belong to the AFL-CIO (America’s largest union) Ex: Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers United Brotherhood of Welders, Cutters, and Helpers of America National Brotherhood of Packinghouse Workers
11. Section 2 p. 200 Terms: Closed shop 200 a union arrangement in which an employer is contractually required to hire union employees only. Few exist today, since most businesses are under interstate laws.
12. Union shop 201 employment situation Workers do not have to belong to a union to be hired Must join soon after and remain a member for as long as they keep their job. Almost half of states have laws to restrict or stop this.
13. Modified union shop 201 Union arrangement in which workers do not have to belong to a union to be hired. Cannot be made to join one to keep their jobs. If they do join, the are required to stay members until they leave their job.
14. Agency shop 201 union arrangement in which a worker is not required to join a union to get or keep a job. The employee pays union dues to help pay for collective bargaining fees. Also subject to union contract terms with company. United Teachers of Los Angeles Does not receive full benefits of union members.
15. Grievance procedure 202 a provision for resolving issues that may come up between employee and management. First step in solving disagreements.
16. mediation 202 a neutral third-party person or group is consulted or at collective bargaining sessions to help settle a dispute between employees and management. Must be unbiased Must be trusted when they make their recommendations Decisions are not binding to either side
17. arbitration 202 employees and management agree to a neutral third party to listen. Recommendation is binding.
18. Fact-finding 202 a neutral third party collect(s) facts about a dispute and present nonbinding recommendations Good for clearing up information Withheld by either side Lied about or distorted by either side.
19. injunction 203 a court order not to act. Issued against a union Not to strike Issued against a company Not to lock out workers 1995 Baseball strike/lock-out
20. seizure 203 a temporary government takeover of operations. Allows government to negotiate with workers. 1946, US takes control of bituminous coal industry Operated mines Worked out solutions with workers Returned ownership to private companies when matters solved.
21. Hwk Assessments, Class Work, to Know
22. Assessments: Checking for Understanding 1 To promote legislation and decisions that Allow higher pay Better hours Better working conditions Job security
23. Assessment 3 They continue to influence legislation affecting pay levels and working conditions.
24. Assessment 4 1778, printers in New York demand higher pay. Civil War causes high prices and more workers want protection….. Trade and industrial unions begin from the Civil War to the early 1900s Clayton Anti-trust Act 1914 protects unions. Unions become very strong after the Depression begins in the 1930s. National Labor Relations Act, 1935 Fair Labor Standards Act, 1938
25. Assessment 5 Common problems united workers Union organizers renewed efforts Federal legislation increased the power of unions
26. Assessment 6 Taft-Hartley Act, 1947, puts restrictions on Unions The Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act, 1959, protects individuals from unions.
27. Assessments: Checking for Understanding 1 To discuss the demands of labor and management and reach a compromise
28. Assessment 3 Closed shop Union shop Modified union shop Agency shop
29. Assessment 4/10 4 Mediation Arbitration Fact-finding Injunction Seizure Presidential intervention 1981, Ronald Reagan fired all striking air traffic controllers (federal employees not allowed to strike). 1997, Bill Clinton orders an end to American Airlines pilots’ strike citing 1926 Railway Labor Relations Act.
30. Images, p. 194 Question About six to one
31. Images, p. 195 Question Agricultural wage and salary workers What Union is available for these workers? United Farm Workers Why do you think it is not as effective? Many Ag workers are migratory Many Ag jobs are seasonal/temporary Many Ag workers are undocumented
32. Image, p. 196 Question 196 strikes, pickets, boycotts
33. Image, p. 197 Question 197 Trade: An association of skilled workers who perform the same kind of work Industrial: An association of all workers in a given industry Regardless of the job each person performs
34. Image, p. 198 Question The National Labor Relations Act Aka: “The Wagner Act”
35. Image, p. 203 Collective bargaining