1 / 18

ACIDS AND BASES

ACIDS AND BASES. TCAP Review Lesson 17 Vocabulary Foldable (IX). ACID. A substance that releases hydrogen ions (H+) in solution. ION. An atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge because it has lost or gained electrons. BASE.

mingan
Download Presentation

ACIDS AND BASES

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. ACIDS AND BASES TCAP Review Lesson 17 Vocabulary Foldable (IX)

  2. ACID • A substance that releases hydrogen ions (H+) in solution

  3. ION • An atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge because it has lost or gained electrons

  4. BASE • A substance that releases hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution

  5. pH SCALE • Used to identify how acidic or basic a substance is

  6. NEUTRAL • When a liquid has a pH of 7

  7. Acids and Bases Notes p. 21 • TCAP Lesson 17

  8. Acid • A substance that releases hydrogen ions (H+) in solution, that is, when it is dissolved in water • Acids can easily be recognized by their chemical formula • Acids generally have formulas that start with H • Examples: HCl (hydrochloric acid, found in the human stomach) and H2SO4 (sulfuric acid, found in car batteries

  9. Acid • Properties: taste sour, some are corrosive (nitric acid, sulfuric acid) • pH < 7 • Release H+ ions • Turn blue litmus paper red • React with certain metals to produce hydrogen gas

  10. Base • Substance that releases hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution • Have chemical formulas that end in OH • Examples: NaOH (sodium hydroxide or lye used in drain cleaners) Ca(OH)2 (calcium hydroxide, used fertilizer)

  11. Base • Properties: taste bitter, feel slippery • pH > 7 • Release OH- ions • Turn red litmus paper blue

  12. Properties of Both Acids and Bases • Can cause burns if concentrated; must be handled with care • Can conduct electricity when dissolved in water

  13. pH Scale • Used to identify how acidic and basic a substance is • Numbered from 0 to 14 • Less than 7 is an acid (lower pH stronger the acid) • Higher than 7 is a base (higher pH stronger the base) • When pH is 7, substance is considered neutral

  14. Indicators • Some substances that change color in the presence of an acid or a base • These substances are called indicators because they can be used to indicate whether an unknown solution is an acid or a base • Litmus paper is an example of an indicator

  15. Acids and Bases HW p.20TCAP Lesson 17 • An unknown solution is tested using blue litmus paper. The blue litmus paper remains blue. What can be determined about the pH of the solution using this test? • The pH is greater than 8 • The pH is less than 7 • The pH is greater than 5.5 • The pH is 5.5 or less

  16. Acids and Bases HW p.20TCAP Lesson 17 2. Which of these substances is a base? a. vinegar b. lemon juice c. water d. liquid soap

  17. Acids and Bases HW p.20TCAP Lesson 17 3. An unknown substance is dissolved in water. The solution is corrosive, conducts electricity, and has a higher concentration of H+ ions than OH- ions. What kind of solution does this substance form? a. an acidic solution b. a basic solution c. a neutral solution d. There is no way to tell whether it is an acid or a base.

  18. Acids and Bases HW p.20TCAP Lesson 17 4. What is the MOST LIKELY pH of lemonade? a. 10 b. 8 c. 7 d. 4

More Related