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MEN: feedback loop. WOMEN: Menstrual cycle (no fertilization). WOMEN: Hormones of the menstrual cycle. WOMEN: Feedback loop of the early and mid follicular phases . WOMEN: Late follicular phase LH surge . Stimulatory. Inhibitory. Positive feedback. Negative feedback. 2. 2. 3. 3.
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WOMEN: Feedback loop of the early and mid follicular phases
WOMEN: Late follicular phase LH surge
Stimulatory Inhibitory Positive feedback Negative feedback 2 2 3 3 1 1 4 POSITIVE FEEDBACK NEGATIVE FEEDBACK GnRH GnRH (LH) LH Anterior pituitary Anterior pituitary Estrogen Progesterone Ovary Ovary Before ovulation After ovulation 1. During the menstrual cycle, before ovulation, small amounts of estrogen are secreted from the ovary. 2. Estrogen stimulates the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary. 3. GnRH also stimulates the release of LH from the anterior pituitary. 4. LH causes the release of additional estrogen from the ovary. The GnRH and LH levels in the blood increase because of this positive-feedback effect. 1. During the menstrual cycle, after ovulation, the ovary begins to secrete progesterone in response to LH. 2. Progesterone inhibits the release of GnRH from the hypothalamus and LH from the anterior pituitary. 3. Decreased GnRH release from the hypothalamus reduces LH secretion from the anterior pituitary. GnRH and LH levels in the blood decrease because of this negative-feedback effect.