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Understanding the Three Branches of Government: Separation of Powers Chart

Explore how the Legislative, Executive & Judicial branches function in the US government. Learn about the roles of Congress, the President & Vice President, and the Supreme Court. Discover the system of checks & balances that ensures no branch becomes too powerful.

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Understanding the Three Branches of Government: Separation of Powers Chart

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  1. Separation of Powers Three Branches of Government

  2. Legislative Branch Congress House of Representatives Makes the laws Senate

  3. Executive Branch President & Vice President Executes/ carries out the laws

  4. Judicial Branch Judges/Courts Makes sure the laws are carried out fairly

  5. Chart of Three Branches of Government Write the answers in the correct column of your notes.

  6. LEGISLATIVE Can you put the following facts in the correct category? EXECUTIVE JUDICIAL

  7. EXECUTIVE • The president serves a 4-year term.

  8. LEGISLATIVE Senate • Senators serve a 6-year term.

  9. JUDICIAL • Judges of the Supreme Court serve for life.

  10. LEGISLATIVE House of Representatives • Representatives serve a 2-year term.

  11. LEGISLATIVE Senate • A Senator must be 30 years old to be elected and a citizen for 9 years.

  12. JUDICIAL • Can declare laws unconstitutional.

  13. LEGISLATIVE House of Representatives • A Representative must be 25 years old to be elected and a citizen for 7 years.

  14. EXECUTIVE • Has power to approve or veto laws.

  15. EXECUTIVE • The President must be at least 35 years old, 14-year resident, and native born.

  16. LEGISLATIVE House of Representatives • Can propose tax laws.

  17. JUDICIAL • Can settle disputes involving the U.S.

  18. LEGISLATIVE House of Representatives • Can impeach the president.

  19. LEGISLATIVE Senate • Can try (take to court) the president after impeachment.

  20. JUDICIAL • Can settle disputes between the states.

  21. JUDICIAL • Chief Justice presides over impeachment trial of the president.

  22. LEGISLATIVE Both Together • Can propose laws.

  23. EXECUTIVE • Makes treaties with foreign governments.

  24. LEGISLATIVE Senate • Ratifies treaties with foreign governments.

  25. EXECUTIVE • Nominates judges to the Supreme Court.

  26. LEGISLATIVE Both Together • Can declare war.

  27. LEGISLATIVE Both Together • Can override president’s veto with 2/3 vote.

  28. LEGISLATIVE Both Together • Can propose amendments to Constitution with 2/3 vote. YES! 2 / 3

  29. EXECUTIVE • Is Commander-in-Chief of U.S. military forces.

  30. EXECUTIVE • Appoints cabinet members.

  31. LEGISLATIVE Senate • Can approve presidential appointments. I agree!

  32. LEGISLATIVE Both Together • Creates federal courts.

  33. What about checks & balances?

  34. Separation of Powers Legislative Congress Makes Laws Creates federal courts Can override president's veto by 2/3 vote Can declare laws unconstitutional Can ratify or veto a bill Chief Justice presides over impeachment trial of president Judicial Executive Nominates judges to Supreme Court President, Vice President,& CabinetCarry out laws Supreme Court & Federal CourtsInterpret Laws

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