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Changing HPC in Japan

Changing HPC in Japan. Dr. David K. Kahaner Founding Director, ATIP Asian Technology Information Program kahaner@atip.or.jp Oct, 2009. Harks Bldg, 1F 6-15-21 Roppongi Minato-ku Tokyo 130-0024 Japan tel +81(3)5411-6670 www.atip.org. KSC 2009.

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Changing HPC in Japan

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  1. Changing HPC in Japan Dr. David K. Kahaner Founding Director, ATIP Asian Technology Information Program kahaner@atip.or.jp Oct, 2009 Harks Bldg, 1F 6-15-21 Roppongi Minato-ku Tokyo 130-0024 Japan tel +81(3)5411-6670 www.atip.org

  2. KSC 2009 • Congratulations on organizing this wonderful event! • Thank you for the honor of inviting me to speak to you. • Please introduce your self to me informally. • Thank you for the great weather this week.

  3. Outline • Intro – A little HPC history • Character of HPC in Japan Today • Recent Procurements & Developments • Japanese Vendors • Foreign Vendors • Conclusions. Can Japan come back? • Disclaimer: Everything should be as simple as it is, but not simpler. (A. Einstein)

  4. Intro – A little HPC history • Three powerful Japanese HPC vendors ~30 years • Early 1990’s: Numerical Wind Tunnel • Mid 1990’s: NCAR tries to obtain NEC SX-4 vector supercomputer • Early 2000’s: Earth Simulator is fastest general purpose supercomputer (“Computnik”) • 2009 – No Japanese system in top 20 • What happened? History, culture, government policy, vendor offerings.

  5. HPC Developments JP US

  6. Character of HPC in Japan • $300-500M/yr • ($1-2B total ww market for large systems) • Relatively closed because of strong domestic content & customized solutions • Long history of specific vendors at certain sites • US vendors more successful w industry than at public sites (but not very successful) • SGI Japan most successful “non” Japanese vendor

  7. HPC in Japan Today • Public sites lease systems, can be up to ~$100M • Todai (U Tokyo) spends more on HPC than some countries. • ~60 large Centers (excluding industry) • Despite a great deal of money the “bang for the buck” has not been great • Most systems are in Top 100 but total processing power lower than UK, FR, GE, possibly CN • However: ES2 has 1282 proc, 122TF, 92% efficiency

  8. Why? • Vendor centric • Mixed system procurements leads to customization • Specs by vendors or vendor consultants, • Benchmarking & porting by vendors, • Management by vendors or prime contractors • Preference for vector systems or few cpus & shared memory • For the money being spent, Japan should get 5x as many systems in the Top500

  9. What is Changing? • Government de-emphasizing HW wrt scientific applications • Users moving away from vectors toward more commodity based systems • Sites breaking away from the “same” vendor procurement (Tsubame, T2K)

  10. Recent Public HPC Procurements • Tsubame (not so recent but interesting) • T2K (U Tokyo, U Tsukuba, U Kyoto) • RIKEN (for internal use, Fujitsu) • NIFS (plasma simulator, Hitachi) • JAEA (Fujitsu) • NGSC (Fujitsu) • ES2 (NEC)

  11. Apps (on ES, ES2) • Numerical simulation of a potential impact of large-scale geologic CO2 storage on regional groundwater systems (Taisei) • Simulation of Aerodynamic Noise from a Shinkansen train (East Japan Railway Co)

  12. Industry Usage in Japan • Semiconductor design sector • Automotive sector • Electronics industry (new interest) • Sony, Canon • For cellular networks, structures, etc. • Emerging trend into other mfg sectors • But primarily modest-sized systems

  13. NEC • Was the leader. • SXs very expensive to design/build ($200M) • US market closed • Chief designer T.Watanabe retires • Trend away from vectors • Losing sites in Japan (NIFS, ISM, auto co.) • Gave up on NGSC (too expensive) • ES2 maybe almost the last large vector system

  14. Hitachi • Also abandoned NGSC • Won NIFS, trying to win JMA • Internal HPC R&D very modest • Leveraged product strategy • Efforts to develop a file system for Todai essentially failed. • Will probably focus on keeping existing customers happy.

  15. Fujitsu • Has emerged as HPC leader among Japanese vendors (the only one?) • Had a successful vector series, VPP • A few weak years but now emphasizing clusters • Was primary vendor to RIKEN so naturally became key NGSC developer. • Next gen 8-core SPARC-based CPU architecture will try to compete with Intel • No public decision about NGSC network becoming a product

  16. US Vendors in Japan? • Not gaining much ground in public sector. • IBM or HP systems have limited presence. • Cray Japan has not replicated its successes in 80s & 90s. • Sun, initial successes not built upon. • Japanese wondering if Oracle will ignore the large sites. • SGI Japan – not really a US vendor anymore. • Stepped away from JAEA upgrade. Viewed very badly in Japan. Living on maintenance contracts. • Dell – some successes but Japanese wonder if they have capacity to support large HPC systems in Japan

  17. Can Japan Come Back? • Requires a new type acquisition process • More open, less tied to vendors • More input from users, emphasis on solutions • Less customization • NEC might have one more system based on NGSC design • Could be very efficient on real problems • >50% vs <10% • TSUBAME 2 ~3PF by next summer could be #1 or certainly in top 10 (but also lots of customization)

  18. Sincere Thanks For Your Interest! Questions/Comments - Contact Anytime: Dr. David K. Kahaner ATIP Japan LLC, QingYun Modern Plaza, Office #2029, MBE 225, Tokyo Toranomon Building, No. 43, West Northern Third Ring Road 1-1-18 Toranomon Minato-ku, Haidian District, Beijing 100086 China Tokyo 107-0052 Tel: +86 (10) 6213-6752 Tel: +81 90 8858-6670 Web: www.atip.org E-mail: kahaner@atip.or.jp

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