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Do herbivores prefer local or exotic foods?. Marcia Angle and Liz Schultheis. Zebra mussel http:// www.missourimuskies.org. Garlic mustard http:// www.ppdl.org. Purple loosetrife http:// www.nwcb.wa.gov. Asiatic bittersweet http:// www.eastquabbinbirdclub.com. Case Study: Zebra Mussels.
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Do herbivores prefer local or exotic foods? Marcia Angle and Liz Schultheis
Zebra mussel http://www.missourimuskies.org Garlic mustardhttp://www.ppdl.org Purple loosetrife http://www.nwcb.wa.gov Asiatic bittersweet http://www.eastquabbinbirdclub.com
What makes a species invasive? • Define: • Native species • Exotic species • Invasive species • What traits of species could promote invasion? • What about a community could make it more easily invaded? http://www.news.cornell.edu/
Experimental Design • Sampling techniques • Randomization • Consistent between species and groups • Things to measure • Herbivory • Growth
Quercus Q. robur Q. alba Q. rubra
Label Bags for the Field • Oak Name • Leaf characteristics • Small/large • Rounded edges/pointy edges
Types of herbivore damage 1 2 3 4
Types of herbivore damage 1 2 3 4 Leaf miner Gall Leaf removed
Graph results • Average the data for your group and submit results to the main computer • Graph average from your own group and record the graphs for the class average • Give charts title • Label axes Q. alba Q. robur Q. rubra
Final Questions • Based on our data, which species do you think is the exotic species, and which ones are native?
Final Questions • Based on our data, which species do you think is the exotic species, and which ones are native? English oak Red oak White oak
Think like a land manager: • Based on the results from this study, would you recommend that people be allowed to plant the exotic oak species in their yards? • What do you think would happen to the population of the exotic and native oaks over time? • What would happen to the population of herbivores over time?
Conclusions • How could you expand the results of this study? What are future questions? • Bioenergy plots • Break into groups to discuss how this lesson could be modified for elementary, middle school, and high school science classes?