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SELECTING AN LNG PROCESS Not an easy task

SELECTING AN LNG PROCESS Not an easy task. Pierre Boutelant. Looking for Efficiency. A better efficiency (kW per ton of LNG) Less Capex for a given production Savings on natural gas resources Less CO2 to atmosphere. SEVERAL PROCESSES ARE AVAILABLE.

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SELECTING AN LNG PROCESS Not an easy task

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  1. SELECTING AN LNG PROCESSNot an easy task Pierre Boutelant OAPEC-IFP Joint Seminar 17 – 19 June 2008

  2. Looking for Efficiency • A better efficiency (kW per ton of LNG) • Less Capex for a given production • Savings on natural gas resources • Less CO2 to atmosphere OAPEC-IFP Joint Seminar 17 – 19 June 2008

  3. SEVERAL PROCESSES ARE AVAILABLE • Today a fierce competition between the « Old » and the « New » processes. • Before comparing efficiencies, the bases must be clearly defined so as to compare « apples with apples ». OAPEC-IFP Joint Seminar 17 – 19 June 2008

  4. C3/MR OAPEC-IFP Joint Seminar 17 – 19 June 2008

  5. APX OAPEC-IFP Joint Seminar 17 – 19 June 2008

  6. C = 2 C 3 Cascade C 1 PFHE P F H E P F H E LNG Natural Gas OAPEC-IFP Joint Seminar 17 – 19 June 2008

  7. DMR OAPEC-IFP Joint Seminar 17 – 19 June 2008

  8. MFCP OAPEC-IFP Joint Seminar 17 – 19 June 2008

  9. Liquefin Natural Gas -30 °C -60 °C C2+ Plate fins Heat Exchanger -160 °C -150 °C LNG OAPEC-IFP Joint Seminar 17 – 19 June 2008

  10. Enthalpy curvesfor Liquefin process Pre-cooling Cryogenic Section Temperature, °C Temperature, °C 60 0 -20 40 -40 20 -60 0 -80 -20 -100 -40 -120 -60 -140 -160 -80 0 50 100 150 0 50 100 150 200 250 MW MW OAPEC-IFP Joint Seminar 17 – 19 June 2008

  11. Enthalpy Curves – Pre Cooling 60 40 20 0 Température (°C) -20 -40 -60 -80 0 50 100 150 200 250 Enthalpy (MW) OAPEC-IFP Joint Seminar 17 – 19 June 2008

  12. The « Key » Parameters • Their selected value have a direct effect on the theoretical plant production • Condensing temperature of pre-cooling medium • Amount of Flash Gas • LPG’s recovery rate • Compressors’ efficiency OAPEC-IFP Joint Seminar 17 – 19 June 2008

  13. -30 °C -60 °C C2+ -150 °C LNG Condensing temperatureof pre-cooling refrigerant OAPEC-IFP Joint Seminar 17 – 19 June 2008

  14. LNG Production vs MR1 condensing temperature 103 102 % LNG production 101 100 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Condenser outlet temperature, °C OAPEC-IFP Joint Seminar 17 – 19 June 2008

  15. Less surface required for refrigerant fluids condensers Temperature, °C Condensers’ LMTD 60 Same final condensation temperature 55 MR Condensation 50 Propane 45 40 LMTD higher (+35%) ⇒ Condenser 35%smaller 35 Air or Water 30 25 Same condensation duty 20 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Duty OAPEC-IFP Joint Seminar 17 – 19 June 2008

  16. Flash Gas quantity -30 °C -60 °C C2+ Flash gas -160 °C -150 °C LNG OAPEC-IFP Joint Seminar 17 – 19 June 2008

  17. LNG Production vs Flash Gas quantity 106 105 104 LNG relative production % 103 102 101 100 100 110 120 130 140 Relative quantity of Flash Gas % OAPEC-IFP Joint Seminar 17 – 19 June 2008

  18. -30 °C -60 °C C2+ -150 °C LNG LPG recovery rate OAPEC-IFP Joint Seminar 17 – 19 June 2008

  19. LNG Production vs LPG recovery rate LNG Production % 100 100 99 99 98 98 97 97 96 96 95 95 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 30 30 40 40 50 50 60 60 70 70 80 80 90 90 C3 recovery rate (% of total C3 in the Feed Gas) OAPEC-IFP Joint Seminar 17 – 19 June 2008

  20. -30 °C -60 °C C2+ -150 °C LNG Compressors efficiency OAPEC-IFP Joint Seminar 17 – 19 June 2008

  21. LNG Production vs compressorsefficiency LNG Production vs Compressors Polytropic efficiency 104 102 LNG Relative Production % 100 98 96 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 Compressors Polytropic Efficiency % OAPEC-IFP Joint Seminar 17 – 19 June 2008

  22. CONCLUSION (1) • In addition to “classical” conditions such as • Feed gas pressure & composition • Ambient temperature, etc. • The selected data for the following “external” parameters must be known : • T approach on MR condensers • Compressors’ polytropic efficiency • Amount of Flash Gas • LPG recovery rate • Altogether they can artificially affect the process efficiency up to 20 % OAPEC-IFP Joint Seminar 17 – 19 June 2008

  23. Conclusion (2) • The various LNG processes available today have different efficiencies • The “absolute” efficiency is meaningless • Before comparing the « vendors’ » efficiency, make sure that processes have been optimized for YOUR project, hence on identical bases. OAPEC-IFP Joint Seminar 17 – 19 June 2008

  24. Thank you for your attention OAPEC-IFP Joint Seminar 17 – 19 June 2008

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