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7 th 15a Explain the components of the Cell Theory

7 th 15a Explain the components of the Cell Theory.

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7 th 15a Explain the components of the Cell Theory

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  1. 7th 15aExplain the components of the Cell Theory

  2. The cell theory was developed through the work of several scientists and is made up of three parts. First, all living things are made of one or more cells. Second, the cell is the basic unit of organization in an organism. Third, all cells come from cells. Robert Hooke was the first to discover cells with the improvement of the microscope in 1665. In the 1830’s, Matthias Schleiden concluded all plants were made of cells followed by Theodor Schwann concluding that all animals were made of cells. This was followed by the observations and conclusions of Rudolf Virchow that all cells came from cells that already existed.

  3. 7th 15bRelate cell structure to basic cell functions of typical plant and animal cells (GPS)

  4. 7th 15b1Identify the structure and function of cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, chloroplasts, mitochondria, nuclear membrane, chromosomes, vacuoles, endoplasmic reticulum, cell wall, and ribosomes (GPS)

  5. Chloroplast • organelles that use sunlight to make glucose from CO2 and water, they contain chlorophyll which give them their green color. Only found in plant cells. http://www.mcb.uct.ac.za/tutorial/kightley/chloroplast-300.jpg

  6. Mitochondria • Organelles known as the powerhouse of the cell because they release energy that is needed by the cell from food.

  7. Ribosome • Cells make their own proteins on small structures called ribosome's. Ribosome’s are not membrane bound and float freely in the cytoplasm. Other ribosome's are attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

  8. http://chemistrypictures.org/d/19-3/cell_structure.jpg

  9. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) • a serious of folded membranes in which material can be processed and moved around through out the cell, and extends from the nucleus to the cell membrane. http://imcurious.wikispaces.com/file/view/endoplasmic_reticulum%255B1%255D.jpg/53227768/endoplasmic_reticulum%255B1%255D.jpg

  10. Vacuole • Storage of water, waste products, food, and other cellular materials. • In plant cells, the vacuole may make up most of the cell’s volume. • http://missbakersbiologyclasswiki.wikispaces.com/file/view/plantcell450.jpg/31938279/plantcell450.jpg

  11. Chromosome • Hereditary material that coils around proteins, and located inside the nucleus. • http://universe-review.ca/I10-04-cellnucleus.jpg

  12. 7th 15b2Compare and contrast the structures of a typical plant and animal cell

  13. Structures of a typical plant and animal cell 5th grade AKS Accelerated 5th grade AKS

  14. Animal Cell Plant Cell • Cell Membrane • Cytoplasm • Nucleus • Mitochondria • Endoplasmic reticulum • Vacuole • Cell Wall • Chloroplast

  15. 7th 15cExplain that cells are organized into tissues, tissues into organs, organs into organ systems, and systems into organisms (GPS)

  16. Cell Tissue Organs OrganSystems Organisms

  17. Tissue- a group of similar cells that work together to do one job • Organs- an organ is a structure made up of two or more different types of tissues that work together • Organ Systems- a group of organs working together to perform a certain function • Organisms- any living thing; uses energy, is made of cells, reproduces, responds, grows and develops

  18. Cardiac muscle tissue, nerve tissue, and blood tissue Example: Example: Heart + arteries + veins + capillaries = cardiovascular system

  19. 7th 15c1Explain that tissues, organs, and organ systems serve the needs cells have for oxygen, food, and waste removal (GPS)

  20. 7th 15dDescribe and discuss the movement of materials into and out of the cell for the maintenance of homeostasis (diffusion, osmosis, and active transport)

  21. Homeostasis • Is an organism’s ability to keep the proper conditions inside no matter what is going on outside the organism

  22. Diffusion • One type of cellular passive transport. • Molecules move from areas of where there are more of them to areas where there are fewer of them. • gobstoppers

  23. Osmosis • Diffusion of water through a cell membrane • Example: • A carrot stick becomes limp when water leaves each of its cells than enters them. • Equilibrium occurs when water leaves and enters the cells at the same rate.

  24. Active Transport • When the cell is forcing in a higher concentration, so an input of energy is required to move materials through a cell membrane.

  25. 7th 15eDescribe how cells carry on the life processes of movement, reproduction, response, cellular respiration, photosynthesis and metabolism

  26. Movement • cells carry on the life processes through movement

  27. 7th 15fExplain that cells take in nutrients to grow, divide, and make needed materials (GPS)

  28. 7th 16aDemonstrate understanding of the purpose and interactions of the major organ systems (digestive, respiratory, reproductive, circulatory, excretory, muscular, skeletal, nervous, immune) (GPS)

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