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Lanthanides

Lanthanides. Cliff Wilson, Brian Labows, Evan Werner. Lanthanides. Some of the elements are really abundant, Cerium being the 26 most abundant element in the E arth’s crust Located in two periods. Location, Location, Location.

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Lanthanides

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  1. Lanthanides Cliff Wilson, Brian Labows, Evan Werner

  2. Lanthanides • Some of the elements are really abundant, Cerium being the 26 most abundant element in the Earth’s crust • Located in two periods.

  3. Location, Location, Location • They are found in the first 5D-Block and then it jumps to 4F-Block. • The first element in the period is Lanthanum and it ends with Lutetium • They are right above the actinides

  4. Physical Properties • All of the Lanthanides are solid because they’re metals. • Pm is the only man made element in our period • Silvery-white metals that tarnish when exposed to air, forming their oxides. • They all burn easy in the air. • •Lanthanide ions tend to be pale colors, resulting from weak, narrow, forbidden f x f optical transitions.

  5. Chemical Reaction • React with H+ (dilute acid) to release H2 (rapidly at room temperature). • React with water to liberate hydrogen (H2), slowly in cold/quickly upon heating. • Moving from left to right across the period (increasing atomic number), the radius of each lanthanide 3+ ion steadily decreases. This is referred to as 'lanthanide contraction'.

  6. Common Uses • 203La improves the alkali resistance of glass, and is used in making special optical glasses • small amounts as an additive are used to produce nodular cast iron • rare-earth compounds containing lanthanum are extensively used in carbon lighting applications, especially by the motion picture industry for studio lighting and projection • Lanthanum can be used for the treatment of water

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