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Basic Democracy

Basic Democracy . Our class is going on a field trip to a restaurant! Rules: We will choose one restaurant. Everyone must agree on which one restaurant to go to. First you will read restaurant reviews and vote on your top two choices.

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Basic Democracy

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  1. Basic Democracy • Our class is going on a field trip to a restaurant! • Rules: • We will choose one restaurant. • Everyone must agree on which one restaurant to go to. • First you will read restaurant reviews and vote on your top two choices. • Then, you will have time to discuss and come to a decision as a class.

  2. Techniques • Deliberation • Negotiation

  3. Debrief • How and why did students differ in their original opinions? • How was deliberation used, and how important was it in the decision? • How was negotiation used, and how important was it in the decision? • How was a decision finally made?

  4. Debrief • Why did the minority agree to go along with the majority? • How do you feel about the process and decision? Was the process fair? Was the decision fair? • What are the challenges of working an issue out democratically? The benefits?

  5. Struggles for Democracy

  6. Journal #47 Silent Definition: • Get into groups of four or five with those sitting near you. • Pass around your paper (I will tell you when to pass) and use words, phrases, pictures, and cartoons to answer this question: • What is democracy? • Groups will present in order to make a class working definition of democracy.

  7. Class definition of democracy

  8. Essential Question: What are the challenges of traditional Western democratic values taking hold in other regions of the world? • Why do so many people want democracy? • What rights are necessary for a government to be democratic? • How do citizens participate in a democracy?

  9. Democracy Defined • Government by the people • Direct democracy is not practical • More than a form of government • Way of life • An ideal goal • A process that takes years • “A work in progress”

  10. Democracy as a goal • Can one nation force another nation to become democratic? • No: Democratization is an organic (natural) process • Yes: With enough financial and human resources, it might be possible.

  11. Making Democracy Work • Common practices • Free elections • Citizen participation • Majority rule, minority rights • Constitutional government

  12. Create this chart in your notes • Copy definition and then give an example (or non-example) about how the practice is shown in American democracy.

  13. Conditions that Foster Democracy • Free elections • Having more than one political party • Universal suffrage—all adult citizens can vote

  14. Conditions that Foster Democracy • Citizen Participation • High levels of education and literacy • Economic security • Freedoms of speech, press, assembly

  15. Conditions that Foster Democracy • Majority rule, minority rights • All citizens equal before the law • Shared national identity • Protection of such individual rights as freedom of religion • Representatives elected by citizens to carry out their will

  16. Conditions that Foster Democracy • Constitutional Government • Clear body of traditions and laws on which government is based • Widespread education about how government works • National acceptance of majority decisions • Shared belief that no one is above the law

  17. DemocracyReport Card • For each of the countries in Chapter 19, you are going to assess how well it has succeeded at establishing a democracy. • You will be “grading” your country according to the criteria of a democracy. • How close has each nation come to achieving democracy?

  18. Journal #48 Where and when do you think this photograph was taken? (hint: 19-2) What are some examples of segregation (separation based on race) in modern history?

  19. Apartheid in South Africa • National Party made up of Afrikaners (white Dutch settlers) came into power in 1948 • Started apartheid, complete separation of the races • Whites had complete control of government, land, school, and voting (black Africans could not vote) • Opposition from the African National Congress (ANC)

  20. Apartheid • Read the handouts “Quick Guide to Apartheid” and “Apartheid in Practice.” • Based on American values, what do you find most upsetting? Why? • How would you feel living under these restrictions? • How did conditions compare to the treatment of African Americans in the US?

  21. End of Apartheid • Nelson Mandela, ANC leader, was put in prison for 27 years • F.W. de Klerk became president in 1989 • Released Mandela, ended apartheid, and gave all South Africans the right to vote • 1994: First free elections, Mandela became president

  22. Nelson Mandela

  23. Voting Line

  24. Primary Source • In your books on pg. R61, read the excerpt of Mandela’s inaugural address. • Then, answer in your notes: • What is Mandela’s vision of South Africa’s future? • How do you think he feels about the white population in South Africa? What are the clues from the speech?

  25. Journal #49 • What do you know about modern day China?

  26. Terms for today’s lesson • 1989: A major year for democracy • Tiananmen Square: June 4, 1989 • Student uprising for democracy that led to a government crackdown and massacre • Economic freedoms, but no political freedoms: Situation in modern day China

  27. The Tank Man • Who was the “Tank Man”? Why is he famous and what does he represent? • Describe the “Two Chinas.” • How did the college students react to the Tank Man photograph? Why? • How does an internet search of Tiananmen Square differ in the US and China? Why?

  28. Censorship Activity • Read the article. • Censor the article by blacking out any parts of the article the Chinese government would not want their people to read. • Answer the two questions on your handout.

  29. 1989: End of Communism in Eastern Europe • Started in Poland: • Solidarity: Labor union • Lech Walesa: Solidarity leader • 1989: Walesa democratically elected president • Protests lead to freedom in Czechoslovakia and Hungary • Germany: • 1989: Fall of the Berlin Wall • 1990: East and West Germany united

  30. Berlin Wall Viewing Questions 28:25/46:30 • Why does the wall fall due to a “mistake”? • What did the German people do when they heard the announcement?

  31. Journal #50 • How does Tiananmen Square compare with the fall of the Berlin Wall? What is one similarity and one difference?

  32. End of the Cold War • We’re here! The Cold War ends in 1991 with the breakup of the Soviet Union • How and why did this happen? • Starting with Gorbachev…

  33. Mikhail Gorbachev • Last Soviet leader

  34. Gorbachev’s Reforms • Glastnost (1985): “Openness” • Freedom of information and ideas • New freedoms of speech, press • Release of political prisoners • Perestroika (1985): “Economic restructuring” • People had more control over farms, factories • Allowed to open small businesses • More democratic rights, freer elections

  35. Viewing Questions • 1:54-2:15 and My Perestroika • As you watch the film clip, write in your journals what consequences you see of Gorbachev’s reforms.

  36. Gorbachev’s Foreign Policy • Worked with Reagan to end arms race

  37. Consequences: Map on pg. 615 • Parts of the Soviet Union demanded their freedom and broke up into 15 separate countries • Coup against Gorbachev failed, ending the power of the Communist Party • Boris Yeltsin elected president of Russia; Soviet Union turned into the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) • “Shock Therapy”: Shift from Communism to free markets

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