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Parade of Elements

Parade of Elements. Chem 187S Fall 2011. Noble Group. Ru Rh Pd Os Ir. Ruthenium. - discovered in 1844 by Karl Karlovich Klaus (a Russian chemist.) - named after the Latin word Ruthenia , which stands for the country of Russia . - normal phase is solid.

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Parade of Elements

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  1. Parade of Elements Chem 187S Fall 2011

  2. Noble Group • Ru • Rh • Pd • Os • Ir

  3. Ruthenium

  4. - discovered in 1844 by Karl Karlovich Klaus (a Russian chemist.)- named after the Latin wordRuthenia, which stands for the country of Russia. - normal phase is solid. - costs around $1286 per kilogram. - commonly used in electrical contacts, jewelry, solar energy technology and treatment for metastatic tumors or colon cancer,...

  5. 45 Rhodium 102.91 A PP presentation by: OluwatimileyinAkinrinmade Adigun “Timi Adigun”

  6. There is only 6.0 x 10-8 % in the universe, but only 7.0 x 10-8 %in the earth’s crust. • It was discovered in England in 1803 by William Hyde Wollaston. • The origin of the word rhodium comes from the Greek for rhodon meaning “rose”. • This transition metal is obtained as a by product of nickel production. • Its uses include (but are not limited to): agent for hardening platinum and palladium, coatings / plating, electrodes for aircraft spark plugs, jewelry, and oil of rhodium, etc. • Solid rhodium jewelry has never been seen: it would be REALLY EXPENSIVE to make and buy.

  7. 76 Osmium190.23 Jessica Howes

  8. The Facts: Smithson Tennant, 1803 Metal Osmium Tetroxide Poisonous Gas Pens & Record Needles  Minimal Friction http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele076.html

  9. Iridium # 77 By Bobby Sarkissian

  10. Iridium • Discovered in England and France in 1803 by Smithson Tennant • Can be found in nature • Has a high melting (2466ᵒC) and boiling point (4428ᵒC) • Used in fountain pen tips, sparkplug electrodes, and compass bearings

  11. Radioactive Group • Tc • Pm • Ra • U • Pu

  12. Technetium

  13. Atomic Number: 43 • Atomic Weight: 98 • Melting point of 2430 K and Boiling point of 4538 K. • It's a metal. • The first artificially produced element. • Discovered in 1937 by Carlo Perrier and Emilio Segre. • Created by bombarding molybdenum atoms with deuterons that had been accelerated by a device. • Most stable isotope.

  14. Radium Ra Radioactive Group By Mat Pham

  15. Atomic number- 88 • Atomic weight- 226.0254 • Discovered by Pierre and Marie Curie in 1898 • Used to produce neutron sources, luminous paints, and medical radioisotopes. • Also used to make watches, but was found highly radioactive.

  16. Uranium 92 Atomic Number Atomic Weight 238.03

  17. Uranium was first discovered in 1789 by German Chemist Martin Heinrich Klaproth. The use of Uranium in its natural oxide state dates back to 79 AD when it was used to add a yellow color to ceramic glazes. It is currently used for a variety of purposes, most commonly armor-piercing ammunition, nuclear power, and nuclear weapons. Uranium is the highest numbered element that can be found in significant quantities naturally on Earth, always paired with other elements. It is the decay of uranium, along with thorium and potassium-40, in the Earth's mantle are thought to be the main source of heat that keeps the outer core liquid and drives mantle convection, which moves plate tectonics. Uranium is found in small quantities in all rock, soil and water.

  18. PLUTONIUM Samantha McGhee

  19. PLUTONIUM Atomic Number: 94 Symbol: Pu Atomic Weight: 244.0642 Discovery: G.T. Seaborg, J.W. Kennedy, E.M. McMillan, A.C. Wohl (1940, United States) Word Origin: Named for the planet Pluto.

  20. Rare Earth Group • La • Ce • Nd • Eu • Tb

  21. Adriana Herrera Lanthanum

  22. La 57 • Atomic Weight: 138.91 • Density:6.15 g/cc • Discovered in Sweden (yr. 1839) • RARE EARTH METAL • Melting Point: 920 Celsius • Used to resolve individual atoms and in movie lighting

  23. d

  24. Discovered in Sweden by Jons Jakob Berzenlius and Wilhelm Hisinger, and independently in Germany by Martin Heinrich Klaproth, both in 1803 It is a silvery metal and is both malleable and ductile Cerium reacts so readily with oxygen that it can be set on fire simply by scratching the surface with a knife Cerium(III) oxide is used catalytic converter as a catalyst for the reduction of CO emissions in the exhaust gases from motor vehicles

  25. Neodymium by Michael Martinez

  26. Neodymium: Element 60 • History- • Discovered in 1885 by Carl Auer von Welsbach • Originally used for adding pigment to glass • Notable Properties and Modern uses- • Most magnetic element! • Used in electronics such as headphones, motors, and powerful magnets • Fun to play with • =

  27. EUROPIUM YvanBouyou

  28. ● Europium is a Moderately Hard Silvery Chemical Element. ● Symbol Eu and Atomic Number 63. ● Discovered In 1901 by French Chemist Eugene-Anatole Demarcay. ● Europium was Named After The European’s Continent. ● It Has The Second Lowest Melting Point And The Lowest Density of All Lanthanides. ● Europium is The Most Reactive Rare Earth Element. ● it is not Found In The Nature as Free Element. ● This Rare Earth Element has also been Identified in The Spectra of The Sun and Certain Stars. ● Europium compound are Widely Used In Phosphors for Cathode Ray TV Screens and in Compact Fluorescent Bulbs.

  29. Terbium By: Jen Sullivan

  30. Terbium Facts • Discovered in 1843 in Sweden • Electron Shell: [Xe}4f96s2 • None is found in Humans • Vital ingredient in magnetorestrictive alloys • Used in loudspeakers

  31. Silicon Valley Group • Si • Ga • Ge • In • Sb

  32. By: Joam Marmolejos Silicon (SIL-i-ken) Density: 2.3296 g / cm^3 Melting Point: 1687 K State at Room Temp: Solid Classification: Semi-metal Boiling Point: 3538 K

  33. Silicon • Was established as an element in the 19thcentury • It took this long because almost all naturally occurring rocks and minerals contain it • Berzelius discovered how to create the new element • Through mixing molten potassium metal and the compound potassium silicon fluoride, he created silicon • It was named by Thomas Thompson • Based on the Latin word silex (flint) and the ending “on” from its close connection to carbon and boron • Metalloid • Has properties of metals and non-metals • The second most abundant element in the earth’s crust • Has been found in the sun and other stars • Compound Silicone • Mostly used for toys and cosmetic uses

  34. Gallium Melts in your mouth AND in your hand! By: Bernard Heres

  35. Facts about Gallium • Most exists in bauxite (aluminum ore) and sphalerite (Zinc ore) • Discovered by Lecoq de Boisbaudran • Theorized by Mendeleev – eka-aluminum • Drama over who discovered it first • Gallium and cousin elements replace Mercury • Practically non-toxic • Used for dinner pranks involving eating utensils • Used to make semiconductors and salts • Used to detect Neutrinos

  36. 32 Ge rmanium 32 Ge

  37. 32 Ge Silicon Valley rmanium • Discovered by Clemens Winkler • Is a semiconductor • Very rare and expensive • Opaque to visible light, transparent to infrared • Sold in Japan for medicinal purposes 4000 K 3106 K 3000 K 2000 K 1211.40 K 1000 K 0 K

  38. INDIUM Element-49 By: Cristina Rodriguez

  39. What About This??? • Atomic Number: 114.818 • Discovered in Germany-1863 • *Replaces mercury in thermometers/ flat screen TV’s* • examples: Spool of indium wire, Indium foil • Soft enough to mold to the shape of the glass • Commercial unit for trade is 1 kilogram bar

  40. Element 51 Antimony Amanda Carey

  41. What You Need To Know • Atomic symbol: Sb • Atomic weight: 121.760 amu • Discovered: 3000 BC • In “The Silicon Valley” between Tin and Tellurium • Uses: added to Lead for bullets and batteries, ancient Egyptian make up, and medical remedies. • It is thought Mozart died from taking too many antimony pills.

  42. Toxic Group • As • Cd • Hg • Tl • Pb

  43. Arsenic Ray McKenzie

  44. Arsenic (cont.) *Poisonous, used by assassins in Middle Ages. *Found in rodenticides as well as insecticides. *Wood treated with CCA is highly dangerous. *Found in the semiconductor Gallium Arsenide. *Used in cell phones, computers and microwaves. *Naturally occurs in various red crystal structures. *Occurs naturally as ore in the Earth’s crust.

  45. Cadmium above all: toxic! NO eating, NO touching!!!

  46. First discovered by Friedrich Stromeyer and Karl Samuel Leberecht hermann in 1817,both in Germany. With the symbol Cd and atomic number 48. 86% of cadmium was used in batteries Can become both silver and indium by nucleus decay.

  47. Mercury Eric Dube

  48. Fun Facts! • Used in thermometers, fluorescent lamps, and batteries • Discovered in 1500 BC • Named after the planet Mercury • The only element liquid at room temperature • So dense that cannonballs and bricks can’t float through it • Can be absorbed through the skin and accumulate in organs • Extremely toxic, can kill if ingested!!

  49. Thallium By: Mat Driscoll

  50. About Thallium • - Discovered in 1891 in England • - Silvery appearance which tarnishes in air to a bluish-gray oxide • Is so soft and malleable it can be cut easily with a knife • Used mainly in electronics today as the compound Thallium Sulfide • Highly toxic, Thallium poisoning can result in death • Toxic Thallium compounds are colorless, odorless, and tasteless • Was used in rat poison until it was banned in 1972 - Has the same name as a popular cologne

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