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Acids and Bases

Acids and Bases. Acids and bases are everywhere! . An ant’s sting is painful due to formic acid! . We love the sour taste of acids found in fruits and vinegar!. Bases taste bitter so they aren’t a popular flavour ingredient– but they are important for cleaning our bodies and houses!.

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Acids and Bases

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  1. Acids and Bases

  2. Acids and bases are everywhere! An ant’s sting is painful due to formic acid! We love the sour taste of acids found in fruitsand vinegar!

  3. Bases taste bitter so they aren’t a popular flavour ingredient– but they are important for cleaning our bodies and houses! Both strong acids and strong bases are corrosive!

  4. WHEN ACIDS AND BASES MIX…… They cancel each other out OR NEUTRALIZE each other! When people get upset stomachs from too much stomach acid they take a base or ANTACID to feel better!

  5. Properties of Acids: ● taste sour ● conduct electricity when dissolved ● corrosive when concentrated ● acids release Hydrogen ions (H+) when they break down in water HCl H+ + Cl-

  6. ● Examples: lemon juice tomatoes vinegar hydrochloric acid (HCl) sulfuric acid (H2SO4) carbonic acid (H2CO3)

  7. Properties of Bases: ● taste bitter ● feel slippery ● conduct electricity when dissolved ● corrosive when concentrated ● bases release Hydroxide ions(OH-) when they break down in water NaOH Na+ + OH-

  8. ● Examples: soap ammonia cleaner Drain cleaner sodium hydroxide (NaOH) potassium hydroxide (KOH) magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)2

  9. 1: Which of the following are acids and which are bases? Mg(OH)2 H2CO3HCl KOH Ca(OH)2 Answer: Bases: Mg(OH)2 KOH Ca(OH)2 Acids: H2CO3HCl 2: Hydrofluoric acid, HF, is mixed in water. Show how it breaks down. Answer: HF  H+ + F-. 3: Calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2, is mixed in water. Show how it breaks down. Answer: Ca(OH)2 Ca+2 + 2OH-.

  10. pH Scale ● “power of hydrogen” ion ● scale ranging from 0-14 used to classify a solution as ACIDIC, BASIC OR NEUTRAL LESS THAN 7  ACIDIC 7 = NEUTRAL GREATER THAN 7  BASIC

  11. Testing for Acids and Bases ●Acid/Base Indicator: a chemical that changes colour to show whether a solution is acidic or basic Natural indicators: Tea Cabbage water Lab indicators: Litmus phenolphthalein

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