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1 Institute of Particle Science and Engineering, Leeds 2 School of Earth and Environment, Leeds

Physical Modelling of Impinging Jets to aid Nuclear Sludge bed resuspension. Chetan Lakhanpal 1. 1 Institute of Particle Science and Engineering, Leeds 2 School of Earth and Environment, Leeds. Project Supervisors: Prof. Simon Biggs 1 , Prof. Mike Fairweather 1 , Dr Jeff Peakall 2.

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1 Institute of Particle Science and Engineering, Leeds 2 School of Earth and Environment, Leeds

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  1. Physical Modelling of Impinging Jets to aid Nuclear Sludge bed resuspension Chetan Lakhanpal1 1Institute of Particle Science and Engineering, Leeds 2School of Earth and Environment, Leeds Project Supervisors: Prof. Simon Biggs1, Prof. Mike Fairweather1, Dr Jeff Peakall2

  2. Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed • Problem Description • Project Objectives • Experimental facilities & Measurement techniques • Preliminary Work • Plans for future • Questions Contents

  3. Problem Description Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed • Legacy nuclear waste exist around various sites through out the world • Settling out of solid particles hinders attempts to process waste, activity may generate thermal hot spots leading to corrosion and equipment damage • Jet impingement used to re-suspend particles that form solid beds in storage ponds, tanks and silos • Re-suspension characteristics of particles never studied using appropriate simulants • Project will use experimental and numerical modelling to improve understanding and provide predictive capability for use in design, and optimisation of storage and processing arrangements • Timely given development of experimental rigs at NNL to study impinging flows of relevance to particle re-suspension in high level waste plants, and industry interest in the development of Sludge Packaging Plant No. 1, both of which use impinging jets, in the form of pulse jet mixers, for sludge mobilization

  4. Problem Description Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Figure showing finned metallic container to store waste from Magnox programme

  5. Problem Description Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Figure showing Magnesium Hydroxide sludge sample

  6. Problem Description Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Figure showing a typical HAS tank

  7. Experimental Work Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed • Stage 1a: Orthogonal single phase jet impingement on flat plate • Stage 1b: Comparison of results with those of other researchers • Stage 2: Dilute multi phase jet impingement on flat plate • Stage 3: Multi phase jet impingement on flat plate • Stage 4: Multi phase jet impingement on settled beds

  8. Experimental Rig Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed

  9. Experimental Rig Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Feed / over -flow tanks Fig 2 Fig 1 Fig 3

  10. Measurement Techniques Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) Ultra Doppler Velocity Profiling (UDVP)

  11. Preliminary Work Single phase jet impingement studies Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed The Impingement of a jet on a flat surface

  12. Preliminary Work Single phase jet impingement studies Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed The Wall Jet Poreh et al. (1961)

  13. Dye Experimentation Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed • To track fluid flow • Parameters: • Single phase, water in water • Jet-to-plate separation = 2d • Re = 20k

  14. Dye Experimentation Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed

  15. Dye Experimentation VFA Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed c a d b

  16. Ultrasonic Doppler Velocity Profiling Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed y: vertical dist. from base; d: diameter of jet; U: velocity at a radial location; Vb: bulk velocity

  17. Ultrasonic Doppler Velocity Profiling Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed y: vertical dist. from base; d: diameter of jet; U: velocity at a radial location; Vb: bulk velocity

  18. Comments Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed • Two layer shear flow phenomena noticed on jet impingement • Qualitative understanding gained using Dye work and UDVP • Jet Impingement is a complex 3d flow, parameters need to be optimized • for different configurations. • Reynolds number, tracer particle concentration, UVP parameters • Good quantitative data can be obtained in far field regions using UVP • PIV to be used for near field mapping

  19. Plans for Future Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed • Mean velocity and turbulence characteristics at 5d and 10d separations • Particle Characterization Studies • Move to multiphase jet impingement on settled beds • Particle Size, Density, Solids Concentration, Fluid Viscosity, • Particle size distribution, Particle shape, Zeta Potential, pH, • Settling behaviour, Solids packing fraction, Yield stress

  20. Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Thank you for your attention. Any questions.

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