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Chapter 18

Chapter 18. Endocrine System. Endocrine System. Anatomy and Physiology Review. Hypothalamus Pituitary glands Gonads Adrenal glands Thyroid gland Parathyroid gland Pancreas. Hormone-Receptor Binding. Positive and Negative Feedback System. Negative Feedback.

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Chapter 18

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  1. Chapter 18 Endocrine System

  2. Endocrine System

  3. Anatomy and Physiology Review • Hypothalamus • Pituitary glands • Gonads • Adrenal glands • Thyroid gland • Parathyroid gland • Pancreas

  4. Hormone-Receptor Binding

  5. Positive and Negative Feedback System

  6. Negative Feedback • Gland X releases hormone X this stimulates target cells to release hormone Y • When there is an excess of hormone Y gland X senses this and inhibits it release of hormone X

  7. Hypothalamus

  8. Endocrine Glands: Adrenal Glands • Adrenal cortex—mineralocorticoids (aldosterone), corticosteroids (cortisol) • Adrenal medulla—catecholamines (norepinephrine and epinephrine)

  9. Thyroid Gland • Control of metabolism • Calcium and phosphorus balance

  10. Parathyroid Gland • Parathyroid hormone (PTH) • Calcium • Phosphorous

  11. Pancreas

  12. Assessment Methods • Patient history • Nutrition history • Family history • Genetic risk • Current health problems

  13. Assessment Methods • Current health problems including any changes in: • Energy levels • Elimination • Sexual and reproductive functions • Physical appearance

  14. Physical Assessment • Examine for: • Prominent forehead or jaw • Round or puffy face • Dull or flat expression • Exophthalmos • Vitiligo • Abdominal Striae • Hirsutism

  15. PalpationOnly gland that can be palpated

  16. Laboratory Tests • Stimulation/suppression tests • Assays • Allows for many different hormones to be analyzed at the same time • Urine tests • 24 hour • Tests for glucose • HbA1C • Imaging assessment • Other diagnostic assessment • Needle biopsy

  17. Review Chapter 18 Study Guide

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