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ENERGY TRANSFER

ENERGY TRANSFER. pp 366-369. In an ecosystem energy flows: Sun  autotrophs  heterotrophs producers consumer. PRODUCERS. Can make their own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis

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ENERGY TRANSFER

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  1. ENERGY TRANSFER pp 366-369

  2. In an ecosystem energy flows: Sun  autotrophs  heterotrophs producers consumer

  3. PRODUCERS • Can make their own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis • Productivity: energy made by producers (after biological processes) available to consumers

  4. gross primary productivity: rate at which producers capture energy in organic compounds • biomass: the amount of organic material produced • net primary productivity: the rate at which biomass accumulates (after some is used)

  5. CONSUMERS • get energy by eating other organisms - herbivores: eat producers - carnivores: eat other consumers - omnivores: eat producers and consumers - detritivores: feed on “garbage” - decomposers: breakdown big molecules to smaller molecules and recycle materials

  6. ENERGY TRANSFER • trophic level: position in a series of energy transfers

  7. Only 10% of the total energy is passed onto the next trophic level 1. lost to biological processes 2. lost as heat 3. not enough at level above to support below

  8. FOOD CHAIN single pathway that traces of energy transfer Producer  herbivore  small  large carnivore carnivore Producer 1˚ consumer 2˚ 3˚

  9. FOOD WEB • interrelated food chains SEA OTTER SEA STARS SEA URCHINS KELP

  10. KEYSTONE SPECIES • most dominant species in the community • Dictates community structure • Demonstrated by removal of keystone species from community EX. sea stars in tidepools

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