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Mr. Craig Bond NGB-ART-RDL (703) 607-7224 craig.bond@ngb.army.mil

DLCC C onference 17 Mar 2004. Obstacles to Distributed Learning. in the ARNG. Mr. Craig Bond NGB-ART-RDL (703) 607-7224 craig.bond@ngb.army.mil. Purpose.

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Mr. Craig Bond NGB-ART-RDL (703) 607-7224 craig.bond@ngb.army.mil

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  1. DLCC Conference 17 Mar 2004 ObstaclestoDistributed Learning in the ARNG Mr. Craig Bond NGB-ART-RDL (703) 607-7224 craig.bond@ngb.army.mil

  2. Purpose To inform the DLCC community about obstacles to Distance (Distributed) Learning in the military - based on experience with the ARNG DL implementation.

  3. Outline • Obstacles • Organizational • Provider • Learner • References • Questions • Background • Overview • Context • Method • Application • Conclusions

  4. Bottom Lines Up Front • Achieve unity of effort based on mission and requirements • Learn from successes and failures • Collaborate • Interactivity • Know by doing

  5. Background Overview • ARNG DL is comprised of two major thrusts: • training • information technology

  6. Background Context • 1997 • 370K learners • 14 time zones • Limited time for training • Industry and academia adopting DL • Army just beginning DL

  7. Background Method • Observations based on my experience • Just one perspective • Not official NGB position • Validated by the current situation

  8. Background Application • Training (Army Training Division, NGB) • Mission - Improve readiness • Responsibilities • Requirements • Strategy • Policy • Instructor training • Courseware development • Funding (99-03) - $37.8M

  9. Background Application • Technology (Distributive Training Technology Project, NGB) • Mission • Improve readiness • Improve state C2 • Demonstrate shared use • Responsibilities • IT strategy and policy • Classroom equipment acquisition and fielding • Broadband network • Business operations • Funding (97-03) - $443M

  10. Background Conclusions • 320 classrooms • low military utilization • lower shared use • Some DL courseware • Unfulfilled expectations • Unintended outcomes (we didn’t know what we didn’t know • Seven years experience

  11. Organizational Obstacles • Proponancy: training and technology – who leads; who supports • Let mission and requirements dictate • View DL as a system • Cultural resistance • Inform and educate • Strategic Plan • Implementation Plan • Policy and Guidance (ARNG DL Field Guide) • Recurring effort for personnel turnover • = Obstacles • = Countermeasures

  12. Organizational Obstacles • Cultural resistance • Identify and market incentives (features, benefits, and success stories) • Identify and counter disincentives • Fear that DL will reduce jobs • Compensation • DoD Compensation Study • Unrealistic expectations • Cost avoidance • Bullet-proof technology

  13. Organizational Obstacles • Short courseware development cycles • Under-promise; over-deliver • Time to accomplish DL • Policy and education • Unidentified obstacles • Establish processes to discover obstacles • Insufficient resources

  14. Provider Obstacles • Student Orientation • How the course works • Expectations (standards, time lines) • Instructor and technical support • PC and internet access requirements • What successful DL students do

  15. Provider Obstacles • Ineffective instructor / presenter • Provide training • Ineffective courseware • Design to function in the customer’s environment • Consider pedagogy v.s. andragogy • Design and develop with frequent SME review • Provide CDs to overcome long download times • Plan for revision

  16. Provider Obstacles • Assuming technology is working and won’t fail • Test connectivity before the event • Implement contingency plans • Failure to monitor student progress • Pacing

  17. Learner Obstacles • Insufficient orientation • Insufficient interaction • Student-to-student, instructor, and content interactions • Provide the virtual equivalent of the “talk in the halls” • Use class rosters to create the expectation that everyone gets called on

  18. Learner Obstacles • Isolation • Use cohort groups, small group activities

  19. References • NG Joint ADL Strategy and Implementation Plan http://www.arng.army.mil/about_us/training /dl/ • ARNG DL Field Guide http://www.arng.army.mil/about_us/training /dl/ • HQDA DL Policy Letter http://www.tadlp.monroe.army.mil/dl policy message.htm • Student Orientation http://www.distance.pcc.edu/http://www.ivc.illinois.edu/pubs/orientation.htmlhttp://www.academic.son.wisc.edu/cnp_orient/OnlineLearning/OnlineLearning.htm • What Makes a Successful Online Student?http://www.ion.illinois.edu/IONresources/onlineLearning/StudentProfile.asp • Soldiers As Distance Learners: What Army Trainers Should Know http://www.tadlp.monroe.army.mil/

  20. References • Joint ADL Co-Lab Best Practices Handbook for DL http://www.jointadlcolab.org • Military Interactive Multi-Media Instruction Center (MIMIC) http://www.mimic.org/ • University of Wisconsin-Madison Distance Education Certificate Programhttp://www.uwex.edu/disted/depd/certpro.html • Army Research Institute http://www.ari.army.mil./research/training • DL Courseware Cataloghttps://www.gcls.ngb.army.mil • ARNG Distributive Training Technology Project http://www.dttp.ngb.army.mil/

  21. Questions? This briefing is available at http://www.dlnets.com/dlcc Mr. Craig Bond NGB-ART-RDL (703) 607-7224 craig.bond@ngb.army.mil Those who learn fastest win!

  22. Backup Slides

  23. What Is Distributed Learning? The delivery of learning, training, and education using information and communication technologies.* *Derived from TRADOC Reg. 350-70

  24. Resident vs. DL Comparison* ARNG Unit Clerk Course • Resident courseDL course • Length 13 days 15 days (5.5 hrs/day • at home station) • Class size 40 students 88 students (100 max) • Cost $54 K $5 K • Go rate 85% 92% • The DL course trained more soldiers, for less money with better results! *Army Research Institute Data

  25. Previous • Environment • Few PCs • Centralized • Fixed locations • Common configuration • Common infrastructure • Recent • Environment • Home, work PCs • Decentralized • Fixed locations • Many configurations • Several infrastructures • Today’s • Environment • Deployed PCs some wireless • Centralized / De-centralized • Mobile • Many configurations • Several infrastructures • Projected • Environment • Deployed wireless PCs PDAs, embedded devices • Decentralized • Mobile • Many configurations • Several infrastructures Trends: How and Where Soldiers Receive DL

  26. Distributed Learning is a System! Objective Four Components of DL 1. Network and Classrooms (DTTP) 2. DL Courseware 3. Cadre Training 4. Support Services Improved Readiness

  27. Training Conducted via DL • 13 B, C, E, F, M, P • 19K • 67T • 93C • 97L • First Sergeant • Combat Lifesaver • Armor C3 • Unit Clerk • Personnel Sergeant • Personnel Officer • Tng/Readiness/Mob • SATS (NG) • Info Opns 101 • BSNCO • SmartForce/SkillSoft

  28. Lessons Learned • Implementation requires a champion • Collaboration - key to implementation and conserving scarce resources • DL is not for all tasks • Learn DL by doing DL • DL is a system

  29. Cadre Training • ARNG DL Instructor Training Course • Approved by ATSC • Conducted by NG Professional Education Center • Teaches ARNG-unique DL equipment • 46 hr resident (redesign to DL in FY 00) • Focus on proficiency with technology, DL theory, adult learning theory • DL Equipment Familiarization • DL POC Course • DTTP Site Administrator Training

  30. Network and Classrooms • GuardNet XXI connects all 54 states/territories • 319 DTTP classrooms fielded to date • All 54 State Area Commands have ATM VTC • 100 Satellite downlinks fielded

  31. Support Services • Courseware Catalog https://gcls.ngb.army.mil • ATRRS enrolls students in DL courses • A Learning Management System is coming • ARNG DL Communications and Marketing • Weekly DL News • Monthly DL Conferences www.dlnets.com/acadg.htm • Semi Annual DL Workshops • ARNG DL Websites http://www.arng.army.mil/about_us/training/dl/ https://gko.ngb.army.milARNG, OPS/TNG • DTTP Website http://www.dttp.ngb.army.mil/ • AKO DL Collaboration Sites • National and Regional DLAC • University of Wisconsin, Madison DL Conference

  32. Distributed Learning Vision “Technology is going to move whether you or I care about it or not. So let’s figure out how to grab some of those features and put them to work. The future for you and I in the training world, is to get on with this initiative and figure out how we can best apply it to enhancing readiness.” ---- MG Roger Schultz Director, ARNG 14 April 1998

  33. DoD ADL Strategic Plan Apr 1999 HQDA DL Policy Letter Sep 2000 TADLP Campaign Plan Sep 2001 Joint NG Senior Leader Guidance Joint NG ADL Strategy and Implementation Plan (Being staffed) ARNG Senior Leader Guidance ARNG DLOPLAN(Annex to Joint NG ADL Strategy) ARNG DL Field Guide Sep 2001 DL SOPs NGB-ART-RDL DL SOPs ARNG DL Facilities DL SOPs States, Territories, DC As of: 19 Jan 04 Sources for NG Distributed Learning Strategy Executive Order 13111 Jan 1999 Signed on January 12, 1999, Executive Order 13111 tasked DoD to take the lead in working with other federal agencies and the private sector to develop common specifications and standards for technology-based learning. Proponent: Executive Branch, Federal Government The Strategic Plan for Transforming DoDTraining describes the requirements and context of transformation for DoD training, along with the vision, goals, and the roadmap to success. Directly or indirectly influences all subordinate documents. Proponent: DoD, OSUSD, P&R Strategic Plan for Transforming DoD Training (DoD T2 Strategy) Mar 2002 The DoD ADL Strategic Plan is the DoD implementation plan in response to Executive Order 13111. It provides a strategy for using ADL technologies across DoD on a broad scale. Proponent: DoD, ODUSD(R), R&T HQDA DL Policy Letter provides guidance for the implementation of the Army ADL Program. Proponent: Army G3 (DAMO-TR) TADLP Campaign Plan contains specific policies and responsibilities for program implementation from TRADOC to all proponent schools. Proponent: TRADOC The Joint NG ADL Strategy provides the vision, values, mission, goals, and objectives for the NG ADL program through 2010. The Implementation Plan provides specific tasks which, when implemented, accomplish goals and objectives of the Strategy. Proponent: NGB J7 with J6 support The ARNG DL OPLAN and ANG DL OPLAN are annexes to the Joint NG ADL Strategy and Implementation Plan; the ARNG DL OPLAN outlines the ARNG plan to implement its internal goals and objectives as part of the overall NGB training strategy. Proponent: NGB-ART-RDL NG Senior Leader Guidance provides more specific goals and objectives for ARNG as framed within other existing Army guidance. Proponent: NGB and ARNG senior leadership The ARNG DL Field Guide provides guidance for the day-to-day implementation of DL in the ARNG until FORSCOM / ARNG / USAR Reg. 350-2 (Reserve Component Training) is revised. The ARNG DL SOP provides a broad outline and format for states, territories, and ARNG DL facilities to develop internal SOPs. Proponent: NGB-ART-RDL Note 1: Dashed boxes indicate documents in development. Note 2: Solid lines indicate direct relationship; dashed lines indicate indirect relationship.

  34. How Can Commanders Use DL? • Improve readiness through greater • access to training • Train any time; any place • Reduce PERSTEMPO - improve retention • Use technology to increase C4I • Shared use can increase recruiting Those who learn fastest win!

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