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Chapter 4 Section 1 Cell Division and Mitosis

Chapter 4 Section 1 Cell Division and Mitosis. “life cycle” of a cell series of events that takes place from one cell division to the next no set time for cycle- ranges from minutes to days

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Chapter 4 Section 1 Cell Division and Mitosis

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  1. Chapter 4 Section 1 Cell Division and Mitosis

  2. “life cycle” of a cell • series of events that takes place from one cell division to the next • no set time for cycle- ranges from minutes to days • not only used to make an organism, but also to replace parts in an organism such as skin, bone, blood, etc. 1. The Cell Cycle

  3. 2. Interphase • period of growth and development of most eukaryotic cells (cells with a nucleus) • some cells, such as nerve cells and some muscle cells are always in this phase

  4. Process in which the nucleus divides to form 2 identical nuclei • 4 steps: • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase 3. Mitosis

  5. 4. Chromosome - structure in the nucleus that contains hereditary material 5. Chromatid • A single strand of DNA in the nucleus of a cell • 2 chromatids coiled together form a chromosome

  6. Steps to Mitosis: 6. Prophase • pair of chromosomes are fully visible • nucleolus and nuclear membrane disintegrate • centrioles move to opposite ends of cells • spindle fibers begin to spread across cell *** Plant cells do not have centrioles.***

  7. Chromosomes line up along the center of the cell • the centromere(center of the chromosome) attach to the spindle fibers, one on each side 7. Metaphase

  8. 9. Telophase • spindle fibers disappear • chromatids uncoil • new nucleus forms • animal cells- cell splits down the middle • plants cells- cell plate forms

  9. Remember: • It is the division of the nucleus • produces 2 new nuclei that are identical to each other and the original cell • every cell in your body, except sex cells, have 46 chromosomes • all of these cells have the same set of genetic material (skin, hair, blood, liver cells all have the same nucleus and the same 46 chromosomes) 10. Results of Mitosis:

  10. a new organism is made from one organism (one parent) • offspring will have hereditary material identical to parent (clone) 1. Asexual Reproduction • process bacteria uses to reproduce • bacteria contains no nucleus so it cannot divide by mitosis • copies the genetic material and then the cell splits 2. Fission

  11. type of asexual reproduction • adult will create a bud, which once large enough will break away 3. Budding • Process that uses cell division to regrow body parts • sponges, planaria, and sea stars can also use this for asexual reproduction 4. regeneration

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