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Climate

Climate. http://i1.trekearth.com/photos/112254/kenya_1_093-4.jpg. Nyeri + Othaya. http://pdf.wri.org/kenya_atlas_11_uppertana_ch8_300.pdf. District of Nyeri. Altitude: 1500-2000m Annual Rainfall 1200-1600mm in 4/5 yrs (PA=1022mm) Cold to warm , wet , medium altitude region

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Climate

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  1. Climate http://i1.trekearth.com/photos/112254/kenya_1_093-4.jpg

  2. Nyeri + Othaya

  3. http://pdf.wri.org/kenya_atlas_11_uppertana_ch8_300.pdf

  4. District of Nyeri • Altitude: 1500-2000m • Annual Rainfall 1200-1600mm in 4/5 yrs (PA=1022mm) • Cold to warm, wet, medium altitude region • Nyeri district = 3,356sq.km land, 0km water http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQndni_sC8BAcBMxArG_9ZtiYI6EDSs36PZdPTnIgu0pLG5JUoz FAO

  5. Data from 1980 Map Othaya Nyeri • Classification: sub-humid • Annual Average Rainfall (mm): 1000-1600 • Average Annual Potential Evaporation: 1300-2100 • Vegetation: moist and dry forest • Potential for Plant Growth: high • Risk of Failure of an Adapted Maize Crop: very low (1-5%) • Mean annual Temp (C): 16-18 • Mean Max Temp: 22-24 • Mean Min Temp: 10-12 • Abs. Min Temp: 2-4 • Night Frost: Very Rare • Classification: semi-humid • Annual Average Rainfall (mm): 800-1400 • Average Annual Potential Evaporation: 1450-2200 • Vegetation: Dry forest + moist woodland • Potential for Plant Growth: medium-high • Risk of Failure of an Adapted Maize Crop: fairly low (5-10%) • Mean annual Temp (C): 16-18 • Mean Max Temp: 22-24 • Mean Min Temp: 10-12 • Abs. Min Temp: 2-4 • Night Frost: Very Rare

  6. Elevation FAO: 1996

  7. Precipitation FAO: -Last updated in 2000 -averaged over 37 years

  8. Nyeri Othaya Info from maps in PSU Library

  9. Precipitation- Nyeri -1961 Map in PSU Library -average of 6 years

  10. -1961 Map in PSU Library -average of 6 years myweather2: No information provide on time period from which the data was collected

  11. Rainy Days myweather2

  12. Humidity myweather2

  13. Temperature FAO: -Last updated in 1991 -averaged over 37 years

  14. Temperature- Nyeri myweather2 • Nyeri and Othaya (1980) • Mean annual Temp (C): 16-18 • Mean Max Temp: 22-24 • Mean Min Temp: 10-12 • Abs. Min Temp: 2-4 • Night Frost: Very Rare

  15. Wind myweather2

  16. Length of Growing Period FAO: -Last updated in 2000 -averaged over 37 years

  17. Kenya Soils

  18. 3 major soil orders • Oxisols • Ultisols • Alfisols

  19. Oxisols • Strongly weathered • Little texture variation with depth • Clay sized Fe and Al oxides • Very red due the presence of Fe

  20. Ultisols • “red clay soils” • High clay in B horizon • Acidic • Leached • <35% base saturation • Deficient in calcium and potassium

  21. Alfisols • High clay in B horizon • ≥ 35% base saturation • Form in semi-arid to humid areas • Generally drier areas than oxisols & ultisols • Moderate to high fertility

  22. Natural Vegetation

  23. What to find… http://ecodiv.org/trapnell/trapnellol.html

  24. Othaya: Moist Montane Forest • Highly diverse in species • Potential for ecotourism • Many diverse tree species help with agro forestry, food diversification, new crop potential • Patches of wetland and open grassland • Higher rainfall

  25. Nyeri: Dry Intermediate Forest • Not as diverse or productive in tree growth • Dry grassland present • Does have native medicinal trees • Combretummolle (Swahili: Mlama) • Quick growing • Good for burning, tool implements • Parts used for treating snakebites, hookworm, stomach pains etc.

  26. Water Conservation

  27. Water Conservation:The Need http://www.sustainabilityninja.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/river-drying-up.jpg • Difficulty growing crops • Rainfall becoming more unreliable • Land degradation • Loss of nutrients

  28. Water Conservation:Loss of water • Major causes: • Overgrazing • Deforestation • Tillage • Over cropping

  29. Water Conservation:Existing Methods • (NOT very widespread) • Rooftop water harvesting • Retention pits • Reduced Tillage

  30. Water Conservation: Potential Methods • Cover crops • Replanting trees (Agro forestry) • Rotational grazing • Crop rotation • Mulching • Build up soil structure • Increase existing methods

  31. Rotational Grazing • Rotate pastures and animals • Cow • Pig • Goat/Sheep • Chicken

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