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Understand the essence of literature reviews, how they differ from research papers, why they are crucial, and steps to craft an exceptional review.
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A literature review discusses published information in a particular subject area, and sometimes information in a particular subject area within a certain time period. A literature review can be just a simple summary of the sources, but it usually has an organizational pattern and combines both summary and synthesis(sentez). A summary is a recap(tekrarlama)of the important information of the source, but a synthesis is a re-organization, or a reshuffling(yeniden düzenlemek), of that information. It might give a new interpretation of old material or combine new with old interpretations. Or it might trace the intellectual progression of the field, including major debates. The literature review may evaluate the sources and advise the reader on the most relevant.
Howis a literature review different from an academic research paper? The main focus of an academic research paper is to develop a new argument, and a research paper will contain a literature review as one of its parts. In a research paper, you use the literature as a foundation and as support for a new insight that you contribute. The focus of a literature review is to summarize and synthesize the arguments and ideas of others without adding new contributions.
Why do we write literature reviews? Literature reviews provide you with a handy guide to a particular topic. If you have limited time to conduct research, literature reviews can give you an overview or act as a stepping stone. For professionals, they are useful reports that keep them up to date with what is current in the field. For scholars, the depth and breadth of the literature review emphasizes the credibility of the writer in his or her field. Literature reviews also provide a solid background for a research paper’s investigation. Comprehensive knowledge of the literature of the field is essential to most research papers.
Clarify • If your assignment is not very specific, seek clarification from your instructor: • Roughly how many sources should you include? • What types of sources (books, journal articles, websites)? • Should you summarize, synthesize, or critique your sources by discussing a common theme or issue? • Should you evaluate your sources? • Should you provide subheadings and other background information, such as definitions and/or a history?
Find models Look for other literature reviews in your area of interest or in the discipline and read them to get a sense of the types of themes you might want to look for in your own research. You can simply put the word “review” in your search engine along with your other topic terms to find articles of this type on the Internet or in an electronic database. The bibliography or reference section of sources you’ve already read are also excellent entry points into your own research.
Narrow your topic There are hundreds or even thousands of articles and books on most areas of study. The narrower your topic, the easier it will be to limit the number of sources you need to read in order to get a good survey of the material. Your instructor will probably not expect you to read everything that’s out there on the topic, but you’ll make your job easier if you first limit your scope.
Consider whether your sources are current Some disciplines require that you use information that is as current as possible.Forexample in economicalanalysis data should be updatedfrequently.
1. Conducttheliteraturesearch Findoutwhat has beenwritten on yoursubject. Use as manybibliographicalsources as you can tofindrelevanttitles. 2. Notethebibliographicaldetails Write downthefullbibliographicaldetails of eachbookorarticle as soon as youfind a referenceto it. Thiswillsaveyou an enormousamount of time later on. 3. Findtheliterature Onceyouhavewhatlookslike a list of relevanttexts, youhavetofindthem. 4. Read theliterature Beforeyoubegintoread a bookorarticle, make sure youwrittendownthefulldetails. 5. Write thetext Mentiontoeachreferencebriefly,thepurpose of eachone, themethodwhichused, the main findingsandtheconclusion.
The abstract of each article is most important part to get the main idea of each article.
