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Absolutism in France

Absolutism in France. 1589-1715. Henry IV (1589-1610). France weary from years of religious warfare Able to expand gov’t authority Established royal monopolies (gunpowder, salt, mines) Began construction of a canal system that would link France internally

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Absolutism in France

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  1. Absolutism in France 1589-1715

  2. Henry IV (1589-1610) • France weary from years of religious warfare • Able to expand gov’t authority • Established royal monopolies (gunpowder, salt, mines) • Began construction of a canal system that would link France internally • Corvée labor tax drafted workers to build infrastructure • Issued Edict of Nantes • Assassinated in 1610

  3. Louis XIII 1610-1643 • Rule began w/regency His mother.. -signed a peace treaty w/Spain -appointed Richelieu chief advisor • Richelieu -contained Hapsburg Spain -centralized French gov’t (intendents) -campaigned against Huguenots

  4. Cardinal Richelieu

  5. Louis XIV (1643-1715) • Rule began w/regency His mother.. -appointed Mazarin, Richelieu’s protégé • Mazarin -immediately confronted by Fronde -fled France -returned w/Louis in 1653 to restore order • Louis’ personal rule began in 1661 after Mazarin’s death

  6. Louis XIV and Versailles • Moved court to Versailles in response to the Fronde • Served as an instrument of royal propaganda • Important nobles, royal officials in permanent residence • Consumed 1/2 of royal income • Court life was organized around his personal routine

  7. Louis’ Ministers • Marquis de Louvois -Minister of war -Creator of modern army • Jean Baptiste Colbert -Minister of finance -Promoter of mercantilism Jean Baptiste Colbert

  8. Louis’ Power Increases • Censored publishers • Revoked Edict of Nantes  exodus/conversion of Huguenots • Increased the power of intendants • Achieved “absolute” power

  9. Louis’ Wars • 18 years of war in Louis’ last 27 proved costly, draining French resources • Aims: • defensible national boundaries • capture Spanish Netherlands • defeat Dutch Republic and ruin its trade • weaken Habsburg Spain and HRE

  10. Results of Louis’ Wars • France bankrupted • Little territory gained • Starving peasants • Social unrest

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