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GSI の FAIR 計画

GSI の FAIR 計画. 織田勧 2005 年 6 月 3 日 ( 金 ) CNS 若手コロキウム. 1/24. GSI とは. Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung 重イオン加速器を用いて様々な研究を行なっている研究所 ダルムシュタット （ Darmstadt ） はドイツの中部南西寄りにある中規模の都市. 2/24. GSI とは（つづき）. Foundation : 1969

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GSI の FAIR 計画

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  1. GSIのFAIR計画 織田勧 2005年6月3日(金) CNS若手コロキウム 1/24

  2. GSIとは • Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung • 重イオン加速器を用いて様々な研究を行なっている研究所 • ダルムシュタット（Darmstadt）はドイツの中部南西寄りにある中規模の都市 2/24

  3. GSIとは（つづき） • Foundation : 1969 • Associates : Federal Republic of Germany (90%), State of Hessen (10%) • Member : Helmholtz Association • Task : Construction and operation of accelerator facilities and research of heavy accelerated ions. • Budget : 70 Mio Euro per year • Staff : 850 employees, including 300 scientists and engineers • Capital equipment : • Linear accelerator UNILAC • Heavy ion synchrotron SIS • Experiment storage ring ESR • Fragment separator FRS • High-energy/high-efficiency laser PHELIX (being constructed) • Several large systems of spectrometers and detectors • Medical irradiation unit for cancer therapy • Scientific Cooperation : Users of the GSI facilities are predominantly non-resident scientists, mainly from German Universities (totalling over 1,000 scientists per year).World-wide cooperation with approximately 150 institutes from over 30 countries. 3/24

  4. 4/24 GSIの現在の施設 Heavy Ion Synchrotron 1-2GeV/u Fragment Separator High Current Linear Accelerator 15MeV/u Storage Ring

  5. GSIで発見された原子核 5/24

  6. FAIRとは? • Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research • 加速器を増設・増強し、蓄積リングを建設する • ビームの強度・エネルギーを大幅に向上させる • 1.5 GeV/u U28+ 1012/s (現在の100-1000倍) • 34 GeV/u U92+ 109/s • 29 GeV p 1013/s (最大90 GeV) • ビーム冷却、加速、減速をする • 広いエネルギー領域で、エネルギーの良く定まった、大量の2次ビーム(RI, 反陽子(3-14.5GeV))を利用できる 6/24

  7. FAIRでの物理 • Nuclear Structure Physics and Nuclear Astrophysics with RI Beams • Structure of exotic nuclei far off stability • Nuclear synthesis in stars and star explosions • Fundamental interactions and symmetries • Hadron Physics with Antiproton Beams • Quark gluon structure and dynamics of strong interacting particles • Origin of the confinement and mass of hadrons • Physics of Nuclear Matter with Relativistic Nuclear Collisions • Studies of hadronic matter at high densities • Phase transitions in quark matter • Properties of neutron stars • Plasma Physics with Highly Bunched Beams • Bulk matter at very high pressures, densities, and temperatures : Fusion and massive stars • Atomic Physics and Applied Science • Highly charged atoms : High field QED • Low energy antiprotons : Anti-Matter • Laser cooling 7/24

  8. FAIRでどんな実験をやるのか? • Nuclear Structure and Nuclear Astrophysics (NUSTAR) • Low Energy Branch (LEB) • HISPEC High-resolution In-Flight Spectroscopy • DESPEC Decay Spectroscopy with Implanted Ion Beams • MATS Precision Measurements of very short-lived Nuclei using an Advanced Trapping System for highly-charged Ions • LASPEC Laser Spectroscopy for the Study of Nuclear Properties • NCAP Neutron Capture Measurements • Exo+pbat Antiprotonic Radioactive Nuclides • High Energy Branch (R3B) • A Universal Setup for Kinematical Complete Measurements of Reactions with Relativistic Beams • Ring Branch (STORIB) • ILIMA Study of Isomeric Beams, Lifetimes and Masses • EXL Exotic Nuclei Studied in Light-Ion Induced Reactions at the NESR Storage Ring • ELISe Electron-Ion Scattering in a Storage Ring (e-A Collider) • pbarAAntiproton-Ion Collider : A tool for the Measurement of Neutron and Proton rms radii of Stable and Radioactive Nuclei • PIONIC Seprvtroscopy of Pionic Atoms with Unstable Nuclei 8/24

  9. FAIRでどんな実験をやるのか?（つづき） • QCD • ASSIA Study of Spin-dependent Interactions with Antiprotons • CBM Compressed Baryonic Matter Experiment • DIRACTests of Low energy QCD • PANDA Strong Interaction Studies with Antiprotons • PAX Anti-Proton Scattering Experiments with Polarization • Atomic Physics, Plasma Physics and Application (APPA) • Laser Cooling of Highly Charged Ions at SIS 100/300 • FLAIR A Facility for Low-energy Antiproton and Ion Research • Anti-deuteron Breeding in a Double Ring Collider • SPARC Stored Particles in Atomic physics Research • HEDGEHOB High Energy Density matter Generated by Heavy-iOn Beams • Applications of Relativistic Ions in Radiobiology and Space Research • Materials Research with Relativistic Heavy Ion Beams • Radiative Properties of War Dense Matter 9/24

  10. CBM Plasma Physics PANDA Atom Physics High E Low E e-A FLAIR FAIRとは?（つづき） SIS100 • SIS100 (Synchrotron 100Tm) • Accelerates heavy ions/protons • Fast extraction to SIS300 or RIB/Antiproton target • SIS300 (Synchrotron 300Tm) • Accelerates heavy ions to high energies • Slow extraction • SuperFRS (Fragment Separator) • Analyses and separates secondary beams • CR/RESR (Collector Ring Complex) • Collects secondary beams • Antiproton Storage • Stochastic cooling • Fast deceleration of RIBs • NESR (New Experimental Storage Ring) • Electron cooling • In-beam experiment with RIB and Primary beam • e-A collision • HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) • Antiproton Storage SIS300 10/24

  11. 11/24 このトラペからかなり多くの部分を引用させてもらっています。

  12. FAIRってRIBFと似てるね 最高強度 最大エネルギー ←最高強度のとき 12/24

  13. FAIRってJ-PARCとも似てるね • FAIR • 反陽子・重イオン・プラズマ物理・原子物理 • 1013p/s (30GeV) • J-PARC(茨城県東海村) • ニュートリノ・K中間子・ストレンジネス・中性子・ミューオン・核変換 • 15 mA ~1014p/s (50GeV) 600MeV 13/24

  14. 14/24 いつ作るの?予算は? • Building and infrastructure 225 M EURO • Accelerator 265M EURO • Experimental stations and detectors 185 M EURO • Total 675 M EURO= 895億円

  15. 15/24 NUSTAR • Super FRS : NIM B 204 (2003) 71. • FRSと比べてMomentum acceptanceが7倍、Angular acceptanceが3倍に増えて、resolving powerは同じ

  16. 16/24 R3B • Reaction with Relativistic Radioactive Beams • Total-absorption measurements • Elastic p scattering • Knockout • Quasi-free scattering • Electromagnetic excitation • Charge-exchange reactions • Fission • Spallation • Projectile fragmentation and multifragmentation • 数百MeV/uの高エネルギーだと下記の利点がある • 標的を厚くできる(1g/cm2) • ブーストされるので検出器を小さくできる • 反応機構を定量的に記述できる CsI or NaI 13/20

  17. HISPEC • Low energy branch (3-100 MeV/u) • Multiple Coulomb excitation • Direct reactions • Fusion evaporation • Fragmentation • AGATA (Advance Gamma Tracking Array) 17/24

  18. ELISe (Storage ring, e-A collider) • Structure of exotic nuclei • Elastic (e, e) • Inelastic (e, e’) • Quasi-free (e, e’C), (e, e’N) 18/24

  19. CBM • Compressed Baryon Matter Experiment • 初期の素過程反応で生成されるハドロンが1 fm/c 程度の生成時間の後に再び衝突を起こすことができるため、平衡へと向かいつつある高バリオン密度の状態を作ることが出来る • In-medium modification of hadrons • r, w, f →e+e-, D • Strangeness in matter • K, L, S, X, W • Indications of deconfinement at high baryon density • J/y, D • Critical point • Event-by-event fluctuation • Color Superconductivity 19/24

  20. 20/24 CBM (cont.) • Radiation hard Silicon pixel/strip detectors in a dipole magnetic field. • Electron detectors : RICH, TRD and ECAL, pion suppression up to 105 • Hadron identification : TOF(RPC), RICH • Measurement of photons, p0, h and m : ECAL • High speed data acquisition and trigger system

  21. 21/24

  22. PANDA • Charmonium spectroscopy • Search for gluonic excitation • Search for modification of meson properties in the nuclear medium • Precision gamma-ray spectroscopy of single and double hypernuclei • Proton Form Factor at large Q2 22/24

  23. SPARC • NESR The New Experimental Storage Ring • FLAIR A Facility for Low-energy Antiproton and Ion Research • High-Energy Cave Atomic Physics, Bio Physics, and Materials Science • Highly-charged heavy ions can be decelerated in the NESR down to the MeV/u region and extracted toward a fixed target area. • Atomic reactions with highly-charged ions at low velocities will be performed • X-ray spectroscopic and laser techniques will be applied. • Connected to the fixed target area will be the HITRAP facility, where ions can be decelerated down to almost rest and captured into a trap system for precision measurements. 23/24

  24. まとめ • 原子核物理の多くの分野を研究できる施設がドイツに建設される予定 • 実験開始は2011年頃 • 実験の準備が進行中 24/24

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