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AIM: How can we use physical and chemical properties to separate matter. OBJECTIVES: (SWBAT)

AIM: How can we use physical and chemical properties to separate matter. OBJECTIVES: (SWBAT) 1.Identify basic physical properties used to separate samples of mixtures. 2.Understand and describe how these physical properties are used to separate mixtures.

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AIM: How can we use physical and chemical properties to separate matter. OBJECTIVES: (SWBAT)

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  1. AIM: How can we use physical and chemical properties to separate matter. OBJECTIVES: (SWBAT) 1.Identify basic physical properties used to separate samples of mixtures. 2.Understand and describe how these physical properties are used to separate mixtures. 3.Design appropriate methods to separate unknown mixtures. DO NOW: List 6 physical properties that may be useful in the separation of mixtures.

  2. Water Oxygen gas forms Hydrogen gas forms H2O(l) O2 (g) + 2 H2 (g) Source of direct current Electrode Electrolysis “electro” = electricity “lysis” = to split *H1+ water oxygen hydrogen *Must add acid catalyst to conduct electricity Zumdahl, Zumdahl, DeCoste, World of Chemistry2002, page 32

  3. = hydrogen atom = oxygen atom Water  hydrogen + oxygen

  4. Methods of Separating Mixtures 1. FILTRATION What is a filter? What type of mixture is separated by filtration? Define filtrate: Define residue: What physical properties are used to separate substances by filtration? Give examples of 3 mixtures that can be separated by filtration.

  5. Mixture of solid and liquid Stirring rod Funnel Filter paper traps solid Filtrate (liquid component of the mixture) Filtration separates a liquid from a solid

  6. 2. CHROMATOGRAPHY What physical properties are used to separate mixtures by chromatography? What is capillary action? Why do the components separate on the chromatography paper? Give 2 examples of mixtures that can be separated by this method.

  7. Chromatography • Tie-dye t-shirt • Black pen ink • DNA testing • Tomb of Unknown Soldiers • Crime scene • Paternity testing

  8. Paper Chromatography

  9. Ion chromatogram of orange juice K+ detector response Na+ Mg2+ Fe3+ Ca2+ 0 5 10 15 20 25 time (minutes)

  10. 3. DISTILLATION The solution is boiled and steam is driven off.

  11. How can you separate a sand-saltwater mixture.

  12. Separation of a sand-saltwater mixture.

  13. Salt remains after all water is boiled off.

  14. Distillation (physical method) Salt Pure water Saltwater solution (homogeneous mixture) No chemical change occurs when salt water is distilled.

  15. Ring stand Beaker Wire gauze Ring Bunsen burner EVAPORATION Setup to heat a solution

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