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PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH

PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH. Beginning of life. Fertilization: Unite egg and sperm— becomes zygote Implantation: zygote reaches uterus in 4-5 days and attaches to uterine wall—then is called an embryo when it attaches

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PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH

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  1. PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH

  2. Beginning of life • Fertilization: Unite egg and sperm— becomes zygote • Implantation: zygote reaches uterus in 4-5 days and attaches to uterine wall—then is called an embryo when it attaches 3. After this happens you are pregnant and have HCG in your system

  3. Development in Uterus • Amniotic sac: fluid filled sac of thin tissue that develops around embryo for protection and temperature control • Placenta: lines the uterus during pregnancy and nourishes the embryo with substances from mothers blood---dangerous fluids can pass through this ie. Alcohol, tobacco and drugs • Umbilical Cord: develops between embryo and placenta—blood vessels carry nutrients and oxygen from placenta to embryo and wastes out

  4. Growing Embryo • First 2 months of development the body systems and organs start to form—heart beating, endocrine glands are examples

  5. FETUS • From 3rd moth to birth • 3rd to 6th month fetus starts to move—development of skeletal and muscular systems • Also sensitive to light and sound—nervous system • From 7th to 9th month—fetus continue to grow and accumulate fat, eyelids open and close • 9th month fetus ready to be born

  6. Healthy Pregnancy • Proper nutrition: Getting the right nutrients is most important because what you eat also feeds your baby • Exercise: reduces risk of diabetes • Avoiding alcohol and other drugs: even in small amounts they can harm your fetus and result in fetal alcohol syndrome, mental disabilities, heart defects and delayed growth • Avoid environmental hazards: x-rays, lead, mercury, and cat litter

  7. Prenatal Care • 3 trimesters: 3 months long each • Obstetrician: doctor specializes in pregnancy and childbirth • Monitoring tools -ultrasound: used to see baby -chorionic villus sampling: piece of placenta to determine any inherited disorders -amniocentesis: amniotic fluid to test for abnormalities

  8. Complications • Ectopic pregnancy: fertilized egg implants in fallopian tubfe instead of uterus—surgery is necessary to remove • Miscarriage: death of embryo in first 20 weeks-at least 15% of pregnancies end in miscarriage • Preeclampsia: high blood pressure, swelling of wrists and ankles and high levels of protein in urine-prevents oxygen to fetus • Gestational diabetes: high blood sugar levels—can result in big baby, hard delivery and breathing problems

  9. Birth Process • Labor: work performed by mother to push fetus out-strong contractions of muscles make cervix increase in width • Delivery of baby: contractions continue and push baby out of cervix and vagina usually head first • Delivery of afterbirth: push out placenta Postpartum period—period of adjustment for parents and their newborn beginnings first 6 weeks—periods of sadness could lead into postpartum depression

  10. Complications at Birth • Stillbirth: fetus passes away after the 20th week • Surgical delivery: cesarean section-surgery in lower abdomen into the uterus—done because mother not healthy, baby is breech (feet first), baby in distress • Premature birth: delivery before 37th week, baby not fully developed • Low birth weight: weighs less than 5.5 lbs., can also be premature, low birthweight happens for different reasons but drugs, alcohol and tobacco are a major cause

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